Revisionary taxonomy of selected higher Diptera (Cyclorrhapha)

选定高等双翅目（Cyclorhapha）的修订分类

• 批准号: 400-2012
• 负责人: Marshall, Stephen
• 金额: $ 2.99万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=632113
• 关键词: Revisionary; taxonomy; selected; higher; Diptera

With over 150,000 known species and at least as many awaiting formal description, the flies (order Diptera) comprise at least 20% of biodiversity and are of enormous ecological and economic importance. Despite this, many groups remain poorly known. Careful examination of particular lineages (monophyletic groups) of Diptera consistently yields new species, new distributions and other discoveries. Additionally, specimen study leading to the publication of revisions or reviews makes both new and old species names available, and provides ready access to all the associated information associated with those names. The main objective of the proposed research is to revise selected lineages of Diptera, clarifying the identity, distribution and relationships of component taxa. The major focal groups will be the ubiquitous acalyptrate family Sphaeroceridae and related groups (especially Heleomyzidae) and the smaller acalyptrate family Micropezidae and related lineages. These taxa were selected in part as a logical extension of a long-term research program on their superfamilies, and in part to follow up on research problems that arose during the preparation of chapters on various families for the recent Manual of Central American Diptera. Participation in that project led to the development of the first keys to neotropical genera of several families, and led to the discovery of numerous new genera and species. The description and revision of those genera and their included species is an essential first step to clarifying the taxonomy of the families in question, thus providing a framework for further studies in biodiversity and ecology. Existing study collections will be enhanced using specialized collecting techniques, observation and image recording, and further supplemented by borrowing existing collections from major museums worldwide. Monophyletic groups will be thoroughly revised using all practical characters, starting with morphology (especially internal morphology of the male and female terminalia) to efficiently identify component taxa, develop keys, and construct phylogenetic hypotheses. Behavioral and molecular characters will then be used to resolve problem areas and improve phylogenetic hypotheses.

苍蝇（Diptera）拥有超过15万种已知物种，并且至少等待正式描述，至少占生物多样性的20％，并且具有巨大的生态和经济意义。尽管如此，许多群体仍然鲜为人知。仔细检查双翅目的特定谱系（单系组）会始终产生新物种，新分布和其他发现。此外，导致修订或评论发表的标本研究使新物种名称可用，并可以随时访问与这些名称相关的所有相关信息。拟议研究的主要目的是修改双翅目所选谱系，阐明组件分类单元的身份，分布和关系。主要的焦点组将是无处不在的Acalyptrate家族Sphaeroceridae及相关组（尤其是Heleomyzidae）和较小的Acalyptrate家族Micropezidae和相关谱系。这些分类单元被选为一项关于其超家族的长期研究计划的逻辑扩展，并在某种程度上跟进了在准备各个家庭的章节中出现的研究问题，以供最近的中美洲双翅目手册。参与该项目导致开发了几个家庭新型属的第一个钥匙，并导致发现了许多新的属和物种。这些属及其所包括的物种的描述和修订是阐明有关家庭分类法的重要第一步，从而为生物多样性和生态学进一步研究提供了一个框架。现有的研究收集将通过专业的收集技术，观察和图像记录来增强，并通过从全球主要的博物馆借用现有的现有收藏品进一步补充。单系组将使用所有实用特征进行彻底修订，从形态学（尤其是男性和女性终端的内部形态开始），以有效地识别组件分类群，开发键并构建系统发育假设。然后，将使用行为和分子特征来解决问题领域并改善系统发育假设。