The development of a bench-scale fluidized bed reactor for thermochemical energy storage under partial vacuum

部分真空下热化学储能小型流化床反应器的研制

• 批准号: 500831-2016
• 负责人: Cruickshank, CynthiaAnn
• 金额: $ 1.29万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=618468
• 关键词: development; bench; scale; fluidized; bed

A significant portion of Canadian residential space heating and hot water needs can be met with solar thermal energy; however, the penetration of solar thermal technology in Canada is currently limited by the sizable thermal storage systems that are required during the heating season when solar insolation is low. In comparison to the conventionally large tanks required for storing sensible heat in liquid water, thermochemical reactions between solid adsorbent materials and water in the gas phase possess much higher energy storage densities, providing a more compact and loss-free thermal storage solution. Thermochemical storage via sorption is indirect, where enthalpy is released when water vapour bonds with the surface of an adsorbent during adsorption. Subjecting the saturated material to an equal amount of heat as that released during adsorption will break those bonds (desorption), regenerating the material to undergo further adsorption-desorption cycles. Adsorbents including synthetic zeolites have been investigated using fixed bed reactors at atmospheric pressure and promising results have been obtained with respect to the high energy storage densities and long life cycle of these materials. This research program will follow recommendations made for future work identified during a successful NSERC Engage period, and will explore the effects of pressure and fluidization on the sorption of zeolite 13X for the application of low-temperature thermal energy storage. It is expected that faster desorption at a lower reactor temperature can be achieved under a partial vacuum in the reactor, and that a gradual reduction of pressure in the reactor will prolong the release of heat during adsorption. As an extension of the fixed bed design, it is expected that heat and mass transfer between the gas and solid will be improved with fluidization. After a comprehensive model of a bench-scale fluidized bed reactor has been simulated in a multiphysics software, an apparatus will be constructed for an experimental phase in which the adsorption and desorption of fluidized zeolite 13X will be observed under positive and negative (vacuum) gage pressure respectively.

加拿大住宅空间供暖和热水需求的很大一部分可以通过太阳能热能来满足；然而，太阳能热技术在加拿大的普及目前受到日照较低的采暖季所需的大型储热系统的限制。与传统的液态水中存储显热所需的大型储罐相比，固体吸附材料与气相水之间的热化学反应具有更高的能量存储密度，提供更紧凑、无损耗的储热解决方案。通过吸附进行的热化学储存是间接的，当水蒸气在吸附过程中与吸附剂表面结合时释放出焓。让饱和材料受到与吸附过程中释放的等量的热量会破坏这些键（解吸），使材料再生以经历进一步的吸附-解吸循环。已经在大气压下使用固定床反应器对包括合成沸石在内的吸附剂进行了研究，并且在这些材料的高能量存储密度和长生命周期方面已经获得了有希望的结果。该研究计划将遵循 NSERC 成功参与期间确定的未来工作建议，并将探索压力和流化对低温热能储存应用中 13X 沸石吸附的影响。预计在反应器中的部分真空下可以在较低的反应器温度下实现更快的解吸，并且反应器中压力的逐渐降低将延长吸附过程中的热量释放。作为固定床设计的延伸，预计气体和固体之间的传热和传质将通过流化得到改善。在多物理场软件中模拟了小型流化床反应器的综合模型后，将构建用于实验阶段的装置，在正负（真空）表压下观察流化沸石 13X 的吸附和解吸分别压力。