The development of a bench-scale fluidized bed reactor for thermochemical energy storage under partial vacuum

部分真空下热化学储能小型流化床反应器的研制

• 批准号: 500831-2016
• 负责人: Cruickshank, CynthiaAnn
• 金额: $ 1.29万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=618468
• 关键词: development; bench; scale; fluidized; bed; development; bench; scale; fluidized; bed

A significant portion of Canadian residential space heating and hot water needs can be met with solar thermal energy; however, the penetration of solar thermal technology in Canada is currently limited by the sizable thermal storage systems that are required during the heating season when solar insolation is low. In comparison to the conventionally large tanks required for storing sensible heat in liquid water, thermochemical reactions between solid adsorbent materials and water in the gas phase possess much higher energy storage densities, providing a more compact and loss-free thermal storage solution. Thermochemical storage via sorption is indirect, where enthalpy is released when water vapour bonds with the surface of an adsorbent during adsorption. Subjecting the saturated material to an equal amount of heat as that released during adsorption will break those bonds (desorption), regenerating the material to undergo further adsorption-desorption cycles. Adsorbents including synthetic zeolites have been investigated using fixed bed reactors at atmospheric pressure and promising results have been obtained with respect to the high energy storage densities and long life cycle of these materials. This research program will follow recommendations made for future work identified during a successful NSERC Engage period, and will explore the effects of pressure and fluidization on the sorption of zeolite 13X for the application of low-temperature thermal energy storage. It is expected that faster desorption at a lower reactor temperature can be achieved under a partial vacuum in the reactor, and that a gradual reduction of pressure in the reactor will prolong the release of heat during adsorption. As an extension of the fixed bed design, it is expected that heat and mass transfer between the gas and solid will be improved with fluidization. After a comprehensive model of a bench-scale fluidized bed reactor has been simulated in a multiphysics software, an apparatus will be constructed for an experimental phase in which the adsorption and desorption of fluidized zeolite 13X will be observed under positive and negative (vacuum) gage pressure respectively.

太阳能热能可以满足加拿大住宅空间供暖和热水需求的很大一部分。但是，加拿大太阳能热技术的渗透目前受到太阳能日启动季节所需的相当大的热存储系统的限制。与将明智的热量储存在液态水中所需的常规大型储罐相比，固体吸附物材料和气相中的水之间的热化学反应具有更高的能量储能密度，从而提供了更紧凑，更无损耗的热量存储解决方案。通过吸附的热化学储存是间接的，当水蒸气与吸附期间的吸附剂表面键合时，焓被释放。与吸附过程中释放的热量相等的热量会破坏这些键（解吸），从而再生该材料以进行进一步的吸附 - 吸附循环。已经在大气压下使用固定床反应器研究了包括合成沸石在内的吸附剂，并且在这些材料的高储能密度和长寿命方面已获得了令人鼓舞的结果。该研究计划将遵循有关在成功的NSERC参与期间确定的未来工作的建议，并将探讨压力和流动性对沸石13倍吸附的影响，以应用低温热量储存。预计在反应器中的部分真空下，可以在较低的反应堆温度下更快的解吸，并且反应器中压力的逐渐减小将延长在吸附期间的热量释放。作为固定床设计的扩展，预计气体和固体之间的热量和质量转移将通过流化来改善。在多物理学软件中模拟了台式流化床反应器的全面模型之后，将在一个实验阶段构建一种设备，在一个实验阶段，将在正面和负（真空）计量压力下分别观察到流动性沸石13X的吸附和解吸。