Nanocomposites and Bio-inspired Nanostructures

纳米复合材料和仿生纳米结构

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05597
• 负责人: Erb, Uwe
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=615796
• 关键词: Nanocomposites; Bio; inspired; Nanostructures

This research program is concerned with the development, characterization and property measurements of several advanced nanostructured materials that are currently not available elsewhere in the world. These include high strength and corrosion resistant nanocrystalline Cu-Ni alloys for use in marine structure repair, a new class of durable superhydrophobic metal composite coatings for application as non-wetting surfaces, high thermal conductivity Cu-diamond composites for thermal management in electronic devices and antireflective/optical surfaces based on the so-called moth eye effect. This program has a strong emphasis on smart bio-inspired materials design using examples of structures found in nature as a blueprint for new engineered materials solutions. Consequently the program has a significant research component that deals with the analysis and understanding of biological materials. By paying more attention to nature’s ingenuity to solve rather complex problems, this program builds on a very successful nanomaterials technology process platform previously developed by the applicant and co-workers. This process makes nanocrystalline metals by a low temperature electrochemical reaction using aqueous solutions containing metal salts. For simple metals and some alloys this process has already been transferred to industry and successfully applied in various industries such as industrial corrosion and wear resistant coatings, environmentally benign chromium replacement, soft magnetic materials and high strength/low weight structural materials. Some of the new materials to be developed in this program will incorporate several of nature’s tricks to make structures with very specific functions such as found on non-wettable leaves that are always dry and clean or insect eye structures with unique antireflection/ optical properties. The results of this research will provide Canadian industry with several new materials which can find application in a broad range of industries in particular in the manufacturing sector. The nanocrystalline Cu-Ni alloys are expected to have excellent mechanical and corrosion properties and will be a crucial component in future repair technologies for marine structures such as navy and merchant ships, marine renewable energy plants and offshore oil and gas platforms. The superhydrophobic metal coatings can provide self-cleaning anticorrosion and antifouling solutions, in particular for Canada’s power industries, while the Cu-diamond nanocomposite are earmarked as advanced heat sink materials for electronic devices. Finally, a better understanding of the details of the moth eye structure/function and its successful reproduction could lead to better antireflective/optical devices. This research will contribute to the training of up to 20 highly qualified personnel in the multidisciplinary area of nanomaterials - nanobiology.

该研究计划涉及几种目前在世界其他地方无法使用的几种先进纳米结构材料的开发，表征和财产测量。其中包括用于海洋结构维修的高强度和耐腐蚀纳米晶体铜合金，这是一种新型耐用的超疏水金属复合涂料，可作为非润湿表面应用，高温电导率CU-Diamond组成，用于在电子设备中进行热管理，并基于电子设备，并基于抗疫苗/抗疫苗的效果。该程序非常重视智能生物启发的材料设计，使用自然界中的结构示例作为新工程材料解决方案的蓝图。因此，该计划具有重要的研究组成部分，以涉及对生物材料的分析和理解。通过更加关注大自然的创造力解决相当复杂的问题，该计划建立在一个非常成功的纳米材料技术过程平台以前是由适用和同事开发的。此过程通过使用含有金属盐的水溶液的低温电化学反应使纳米晶金属使纳米晶金属。对于简单的金属和某些合金，此过程已经转移到工业上，并成功地应用于各种行业，例如工业腐蚀和耐磨涂层，环境良性铬的置换，软磁性材料和高强度/低重量结构材料。该程序中要开发的一些新材料将结合大自然的几种技巧，以制造具有非常特异性功能的结构，例如在不可渗透的叶子上发现，这些叶子总是干净，清洁或具有独特的抗反射/光学特性的昆虫。 这项研究的结果将为加拿大行业提供几种新材料，这些材料可以在制造业中尤其是在广泛的行业中找到应用。预计纳米晶体Cu-Ni合金具有出色的机械和腐蚀特性，并且将成为海军和商船等海洋结构的未来维修技术中的关键组件，可再生能源厂，可再生能源厂以及近海油和天然气平台。超疏水金属涂料可以提供自我清洁的抗腐蚀和防污溶液，特别是对于加拿大的电力行业，而Cu-Diamond纳米复合材料则被指定为用于电子设备的高级散热器材料。最后，更好地了解蛾眼结构/功能的细节及其成功的繁殖可能会导致更好的防反射/光学设备。 这项研究将有助于纳米材料的多学科领域 - 纳米生物学的多达20名高素质人员的培训。