Holographic Approaches to Black Holes, Cosmology and Entanglement

黑洞、宇宙学和纠缠的全息方法

• 批准号: SAPIN-2015-00032
• 负责人: Maloney, Alexander
• 金额: $ 5.83万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=614385
• 关键词: Holographic; Approaches; Black; Holes; Cosmology

I propose to investigate foundational questions at the interface of particle physics, string theory and cosmology. I will focus on basic conceptual puzzles in quantum gravity, and in particular on problems related to the physics of black holes and cosmology. To address these questions I will use the holographic principle, perhaps our most powerful tool in the study of quantum gravity. In particular, I will utilize emerging holographic techniques at the interface of particle physics and quantum information theory. This will allow us to address some of the most fundamental and long-standing problems in theoretical physics – those concerning the basic structure of space-time and the origin of our observable universe from a big bang singularity. Many of the deepest questions in theoretical physics involve black holes. What is the nature of a black hole event horizon? Do black holes destroy information? Previous attempts to address these questions have focused only on special classes of black holes, which differ qualitatively from those relevant for astrophysics. This shortcoming must be addressed if we wish to understand the dynamics of realistic black holes, such as the one at the center of our galaxy. A second set of questions is motivated by recent astronomical observations indicating that the universe began with a big bang singularity, followed by a period of exponential expansion known as inflation. Neither of these two features – the cosmological singularity and the inflating phase – have been successfully described in a fully consistent quantum theory of gravity. These problems, which must be solved if we are to successfully describe the observable universe, offer the exciting prospect of contact with experimental data. To address these problems we need new tools and techniques to enable us to make sense of quantum gravity in regimes where general relativity breaks down. The most useful such tool is the holographic correspondence (or holography), which states that quantum gravity in a region of space is equivalent to a theory on the boundary of that region. In its most precise form, known as the Anti-de Sitter/Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence, holography has allowed us to address these previously unsolvable problems in an exact manner. Recently, these techniques have revealed a fascinating relationship between quantum gravity and quantum information theory. In particular, quantum entanglement – perhaps the most basic and mysterious feature of quantum mechanics – appears to be intimately related to black hole physics, and plays an important role in the emergence of classical space-time from more fundamental quantum degrees of freedom. This has yielded qualitatively new insights into black hole physics, and may have applications to cosmology as well. This remarkable cross-fertilization of ideas between different fields is one of the long-term goals of this proposal.

我建议研究粒子物理学、弦理论和宇宙学的基础问题，我将重点关注量子引力的基本概念难题，特别是与黑洞物理学和宇宙学相关的问题。使用全息原理，这可能是我们研究量子引力最强大的工具，特别是，我将在粒子物理学和量子信息理论的交叉领域利用新兴的全息技术，这将使我们能够解决一些最基本和最长期的问题。 - 长期存在的问题理论物理学——涉及时空基本结构以及我们可观测宇宙从大爆炸奇点的起源。 理论物理学中的许多最深奥的问题都涉及黑洞事件视界的本质是什么？黑洞是否会破坏信息？以前解决这些问题的尝试仅集中于与其他类型的黑洞有质的不同。如果我们希望了解现实黑洞（例如银河系中心的黑洞）的动力学，则必须解决这一缺点。 第二组问题是由最近的天文观测引发的，这些观测表明宇宙始于大爆炸奇点，随后是一段称为暴胀的指数膨胀期，这两个特征——宇宙奇点和暴胀阶段——都没有成功。如果我们要成功地描述可观测的宇宙，就必须解决这些问题，并用完全一致的量子引力理论来描述，并为接触实验数据提供了令人兴奋的前景。 为了解决这些问题，我们需要新的工具和技术，使我们能够在广义相对论失效的情况下理解量子引力。最有用的工具是全息对应（或全息术），它指出量子引力在一个区域中。空间相当于该区域边界上的理论，其最精确的形式称为反德西特/共形场论（AdS/CFT）对应，全息术使我们能够精确地解决这些以前无法解决的问题。方式。 最近，这些技术揭示了量子引力和量子信息理论之间令人着迷的关系，特别是量子纠缠——也许是量子力学最基本和神秘的特征——似乎与黑洞物理学密切相关，并发挥着重要作用。更基本的量子自由度在经典时空的出现中发挥了重要作用，这为黑洞物理学带来了质的新见解，并且也可能应用于宇宙学，这种不同领域之间的思想的显着交叉就是其中之一。长期的本提案的目标。