Contaminant-induced impacts on avian migration: evaluating cue perception, fuelling and orientation

污染物对鸟类迁徙的影响：评估线索感知、燃料供给和方向

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05436
• 负责人: Morrissey, Christy
• 金额: $ 2.7万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=615690
• 关键词: Contaminant; induced; impacts; avian; migration

Although migration is a phenomenon that spans the animal kingdom, many long-distance migrant species are currently in steeper decline relative to non-migrant species. Environmental contamination by various pollutants has been identified as a potentially important factor contributing to these declines. However, the mechanistic links between pollutant exposure and reduced migratory success have yet to be established. Using shorebirds and passerine model species, I will take a holistic approach to link the small scale mechanistic effects of industrial contaminants on cells to organisms. This will improve our knowledge of the implications for migratory bird populations using contaminated sites during key life stages of early development, as first time juveniles or experienced adults on migration. Through in vitro lab studies using avian hepatocytes and fibroblasts, captive dosing and behavioural studies, and field studies at migratory stopover sites, my goal is to determine if industrial contaminants commonly found in the environment are capable of affecting migrant bird populations. Here I will test hypotheses that sublethal effects of industrial pollutants alter natural circadian and circannual rhythms, migratory orientation and navigation, as well as fuelling and fat storage. Given more than 40% of migratory bird species are declining worldwide, a lack of understanding of chemical effects on migratory physiology and behaviour limits our potential to employ conservation measures to protect migratory species. Migratory birds are extremely important for providing ecosystem services such as pest control, seed dispersion, pollination, decomposition, and nutrient additions and their declines may ultimately threaten the integrity of ecosystems across large geographic areas. This research will aid in the discovery of sensitive life stages for exposure and add new insight into the consequences of industrial pollutant exposure on migration success.

尽管迁移是一种跨越动物界的现象，但相对于非移民物种，许多长距离移民物种目前处于急剧下降。各种污染物的环境污染已被确定为导致这些下降的潜在重要因素。但是，尚未建立污染物暴露与迁徙成功降低之间的机械联系。使用海鸟和雀形成物种，我将采用一种整体方法，将工业污染物对细胞的小规模机理影响与生物体联系起来。这将在早期发展的关键生活阶段使用受污染的地点（作为首次少年或经验丰富的成年人的迁移生活），提高我们对迁徙鸟类种群的影响。通过使用禽肝细胞和成纤维细胞，圈养的给药和行为研究以及在迁徙中途停留地点进行现场研究的体外研究，我的目标是确定环境中常见的工业污染物是否能够影响移民鸟类种群。在这里，我将检验假设工业污染物的余生影响，改变了自然的昼夜节律和巡洋舰节奏，迁移方向和导航，以及加油和脂肪存储。鉴于超过40％的迁徙鸟类在全球范围内正在下降，因此对化学对迁移生理的影响缺乏了解，行为限制了我们采取保护措施保护迁徙物种的潜力。候鸟对于提供生态系统服务极为重要，例如控制有害生物，种子分散，授粉，分解和养分及其养分及其下降可能最终威胁到大型地理区域的生态系统的完整性。这项研究将有助于发现敏感的生活阶段以进行暴露，并增加对工业污染物对移民成功的后果的新见解。