Spatially Resolved Analytical Chemistry - Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Materials

空间分辨分析化学 - 材料的磁共振成像

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06122
• 负责人: Balcom, Bruce
• 金额: $ 7.79万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=613957
• 关键词: Spatially; Resolved; Analytical; Chemistry; Magnetic

New instrumental methods of 'seeing' have always led to an increased knowledge and understanding of nature. It was true in the sixteenth century when Galileo's optical telescope revolutionized astronomy. It is still true in the twenty-first century. The Scanning Tunneling Microscope, invented in the early 1980s, has completely changed our knowledge and understanding of surfaces. The development of X-ray Radiography and the Electron Microscope led to a host of new clinical and industrial analyses. The 2014 Nobel prize for chemistry was awarded for high resolution fluorescence microscopy. New processes and products soon follow when new knowledge is acquired.      Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is probably the most flexible and powerful diagnostic imaging technique available to clinical medicine. Its invention in the early 1970s has generated a multi-billion dollar/year industry and permitted unparalleled and detailed diagnosis of a variety of human ailments. Nevertheless, traditional clinical MRI techniques are unable to visualize a large variety of  materials such as porous and microporous solids, polymers, thin films, and gases. These systems are all of technological and scientific importance.  Clinical MRI methods usually emphasize speed of image acquisition and image contrast to differentiate tissues.  Clinical MRI methods are not usually quantitative, yet quantitative measurements of concentration and other simple physical parameters are paramount if we wish MRI to be an analytical methodology.    Imaging is one of the most powerful scientific paradigms for understanding. We frequently state 'a single picture is worth a thousand words'. We even equate visualization with understanding 'I see what you mean'. The UNB MRI Centre develops MRI methods to both 'see' and to quantitatively measure materials, since sometimes 'a single number is worth a thousand pretty pictures'.   The UNB MRI Centre has invented, and continues to invent, MRI methods which solve many of the outstanding technical problems in materials science MRI. The imaging techniques under development at UNB permit visualization and quantification of a very large range of physico-chemical systems. This NSERC Discovery grant specifically supports research into variable field MRI, imaging with non-equilibrium sample magnetization, and new frequency encode MRI methods. These new imaging methodologies will be applied to challenging, yet practical, materials science and materials processing questions posed by collaborators.

“看到”的新工具方法始终导致对自然的知识和理解。在16世纪，伽利略的光学望远镜彻底改变了天文学。在二十一世纪仍然是正确的。 1980年代初发明的扫描隧道显微镜完全改变了我们对表面的知识和理解。 X射线射线照相和电子显微镜的发展导致了许多新的临床和工业分析。 2014年诺贝尔化学奖获得了高分辨率荧光显微镜。当获得新知识时，很快就会遵循新的过程和产品。   磁共振成像（MRI）可能是可用于临床医学的最灵活，最强大的诊断成像技术。它在1970年代初期的事故产生了数十亿美元/年的行业，并允许对各种人类疾病的无与伦比和详细的诊断。然而，传统的临床MRI技术无法可视化多种材料，例如多孔和微孔固体，聚合物，薄膜和气体。这些系统都是技术和科学的重要性。临床MRI方法通常强调图像采集的速度，并与区分组织形成鲜明对比。临床MRI方法通常不是定量的，但是，如果我们希望MRI成为一种分析方法，那么浓度的定量测量和其他简单的物理参数至关重要。 成像是理解的最强大的科学范式之一。我们经常说“一张图片值一千字”。我们甚至与理解“我明白你的意思”的可视化相等。 UNB MRI中心开发了MRI方法来“看到”和定量测量材料，因为有时“单个数字价值一千个漂亮的图片”。 UNB MRI中心已经发明并继续发明了MRI方法，这些方法解决了许多材料科学中许多杰出的技术问题MRI。在UNC开发的成像技术允许可视化和量化非常范围的物理化学系统。该NSERC发现赠款专门支持对可变场MRI的研究，具有非平衡样品磁化的成像以及编码MRI方法的新频率。这些新的成像方法将用于挑战合作者假设的材料科学和材料处理问题。