Grooving, conditioning and micromechanics of grinding wheels

砂轮的切槽、修整和微机械

• 批准号: 217203-2013
• 负责人: Warkentin, Andrew
• 金额: $ 1.68万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=593954
• 关键词: Grooving; conditioning; micromechanics; grinding; wheels

Grinding is a strategic manufacturing process; the Canadian aerospace, automotive, oil and gas, and forestry industries are all users of grinding technology. Virtually all parts made of hard materials that require fine surface finishes or tight tolerances are ground. One of the fundamental difficulties with conducting research in grinding is a lack of knowledge of the geometry of the cutting tool. A grinding wheel has a multitude of geometrically undefined cutting points which are irregularly distributed on its working surface and which are presented to the workpiece at random orientations. Prior to any grinding operation, the surface of a grinding wheel needs to be conditioned by cutting the wheel surface with a diamond tool in order to sharpen the grinding wheel and ensure that it has a circular cross-section. This operation modifies the number and the size of cutting edges on the grinding wheel and significantly affects the grinding process. Fine dressing conditions produce very smooth surfaces but also result in low energy efficiency with high forces, high power consumption and a high probability of workpiece damage, while coarse dressing conditions have the opposite effects. While the effects of wheel conditioning have been studied indirectly by measuring the workpiece surface roughness, grinding power, forces and temperatures, the link between the wheel surface topography and these outcomes has not been adequately quantified because a technology does not exist that can completely and accurately define all of the cutting edges on a grinding wheel. Thus, the first objective of the proposed research is to develop a measuring system that, for the first time, can completely map the entire surface of an industrial sized grinding wheel. This information will be used to improve the cost effectiveness and productivity of the grinding process in the same way that learning how tool geometry affects turning and milling has benefited those manufacturing processes. Next, a novel and inexpensive wheel conditioning technology called wheel grooving will be developed that can alter the surface of a grinding wheel in a selective manner and produce the desired surface roughness using less energy with higher material removal rates.

磨削是一种战略性的制造工艺；加拿大航空航天、汽车、石油和天然气以及林业行业都是磨削技术的用户。事实上，所有由硬质材料制成、需要精细表面光洁度或严格公差的零件都经过磨削。进行磨削研究的基本困难之一是缺乏对切削刀具几何形状的了解。砂轮具有许多几何上未定义的切削点，这些切削点不规则地分布在其工作表面上并且以随机方向呈现给工件。在进行任何磨削操作之前，需要通过用金刚石工具切割砂轮表面来对砂轮表面进行修整，以磨利砂轮并确保其具有圆形横截面。此操作会修改砂轮上切削刃的数量和尺寸，并显着影响磨削过程。精细修整条件可产生非常光滑的表面，但也会导致能量效率低、力大、功耗高以及工件损坏的可能性高，而粗修整条件则具有相反的效果。虽然通过测量工件表面粗糙度、磨削功率、力和温度间接研究了砂轮调节的影响，但砂轮表面形貌与这些结果之间的联系尚未得到充分量化，因为不存在能够完全准确地测量砂轮表面形貌的技术。定义砂轮上的所有切削刃。因此，本研究的首要目标是开发一种测量系统，首次能够完整地绘制工业尺寸砂轮的整个表面。这些信息将用于提高磨削工艺的成本效益和生产率，就像了解刀具几何形状如何影响车削和铣削使这些制造工艺受益一样。接下来，将开发一种新颖且廉价的砂轮修整技术，称为砂轮开槽，该技术可以选择性地改变砂轮表面，并使用更少的能量和更高的材料去除率产生所需的表面粗糙度。