Seismic risk analysis and design of nuclear power plants

核电站地震风险分析与设计

• 批准号: 453478-2013
• 负责人: Xie, WeiChau
• 金额: $ 3.09万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=575641
• 关键词: Seismic; risk; analysis; design; nuclear

Earthquake is one of the most destructive natural disasters. The Great East Japan earthquake and the tsunami, occurred on March 11, 2011, caused a series of equipment failures, nuclear meltdowns, and releases of radioactive materials at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Since several destructive earthquakes have occurred in recent decades, nuclear energy industries world-wide are launching an unprecedented and extensive re-evaluation of seismic hazards and risk to nuclear power plant (NPP) systems. In a NPP, there are a large number of Structures, Systems, and Components (SSCs), such as main steam line, piping, and equipment, mounted on the primary structural systems. Seismic response analysis, in terms of Floor Response Spectra (FRS), for SSCs is of crucial importance for seismic qualification and seismic safety assessment, which ensures that the NPP has sufficient seismic margin and the frequency of occurrence of adverse consequences due to the potential effects of earthquakes are within the acceptable level. The proposed research will develop comprehensive methodologies for the accurate determination of both second and third level FRS. The method will provide a complete probabilistic characterization of FRS as an integral part of seismic risk analysis. The methods overcome the deficiencies of existing spectrum-to-spectrum approaches and will reduce or eliminate the cumbersome and expensive computation in the time history method. The research will develop efficient and accurate modeling techniques, design methods, and guidelines for structural changes to ensure that SSCs in NPPs are seismic qualified in a cost-effect way. The methodologies developed provide modern tools to assess existing SSCs in refurbishment of existing NPPs and to design new SSCs in new NPPs to comply with standards for seismic safety.

地震是最具破坏性的自然灾害之一。 2011年3月11日发生的东日本大地震和海啸导致福岛第一核电站发生一系列设备故障、核熔毁和放射性物质泄漏。由于近几十年来发生了几次破坏性地震，世界各地的核能行业正在对核电站（NPP）系统的地震危害和风险进行前所未有的广泛重新评估。 在核电厂中，主要结构系统上安装有大量的结构、系统和组件（SSC），例如主蒸汽管线、管道和设备。 SSC 的地震响应分析（FRS）对于地震鉴定和地震安全评估至关重要，它可以确保核电厂有足够的地震裕度以及潜在影响导致不良后果发生的频率地震发生率在可接受的范围内。 拟议的研究将开发准确测定二级和三级 FRS 的综合方法。该方法将提供 FRS 的完整概率表征，作为地震风险分析的一个组成部分。这些方法克服了现有谱到谱方法的缺陷，并将减少或消除时程方法中繁琐且昂贵的计算。该研究将开发高效、准确的建模技术、设计方法和结构变化指南，以确保核电厂中的SSC以成本效益的方式达到抗震资格。 开发的方法提供了现代工具来评估现有核电厂翻新中的现有SSC，并在新核电厂中设计新的SSC以符合地震安全标准。