Linking the technology of contaminant phytoextraction with the use of biochar to immobilize residual soil contaminants

将污染物植物提取技术与使用生物炭固定残留土壤污染物相结合

• 批准号: 444942-2012
• 负责人: Zeeb, Barbara
• 金额: $ 0.66万
• 依托单位: Royal Military College of Canada
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=575002
• 关键词: Linking; technology; contaminant; phytoextraction; use

There are numerous Brownfield sites in Canada today that are contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (e.g. PCBs and DDT) and/or with metals such as arsenic, cadmium, and lead. Phytotechnologies are defined as, 'the use of vegetation to contain, sequester, remove, or degrade inorganic and organic contaminants in soils, sediments, surface waters, and groundwater.' As a group, these technologies have gained acceptance in the past two decades as cost-effective, non-invasive alternatives or complementary technologies for engineering-based remediation methods. An identified research gap is that of multi-year field studies at actual contaminated sites. In addition, despite recognized successes, concerns remain as residual contaminants, continue to enter the food chain and pose environmental and human health risks. To address current research concerns, we propose to field test a novel application of biochar, whereby residual contamination is stabilized in place by biochar once the maximum amount of phytoextraction has been achieved within a realistic time period. Traditionally, biochar (a charred, thermally-treated biomass material), has been added to agricultural soil to improve soil quality and increase crop yields. Adding biochar to soils can also be a means of sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide. Here, we propose another application of biochar; - to reduce the bioavailability of contaminants in soil, specifically through exploiting binding of soil contaminant residues to biochar. We propose to link the process of i) phytoextraction with ii) immobilization of residual contamination using biochar, and test their joint efficacy at three different contaminated sites in Ontario. In addition to carrying out multi-year field scale studies to address an identified research gap, we will undertake complementary greenhouse and laboratory investigations using soils from each of the three sites. Ultimately, we aim to develop a two-step 'green' remediation package. The first step involves extracting the maximal amount of contaminant feasible via phytoextraction. The second step will involve immobilizing any residual contaminants in the soil using biochar.

如今，加拿大有许多棕地被持久性有机污染物（例如多氯联苯和滴滴涕）和/或砷、镉和铅等金属污染。植物技术被定义为“利用植被来遏制、隔离、去除或降解土壤、沉积物、地表水和地下水中的无机和有机污染物。”作为一个整体，这些技术在过去二十年中作为具有成本效益、非侵入性的替代方案或基于工程的修复方法的补充技术而获得认可。 一个已确定的研究差距是在实际污染场地进行的多年实地研究。 此外，尽管取得了公认的成功，但残留污染物继续进入食物链并构成环境和人类健康风险仍然令人担忧。 为了解决当前的研究问题，我们建议对生物炭的一种新颖应用进行现场测试，一旦在现实的时间内实现了最大量的植物提取，生物炭就可以将残留污染稳定在适当的位置。 传统上，生物炭（一种烧焦的、热处理的生物质材料）被添加到农业土壤中，以改善土壤质量并提高作物产量。 在土壤中添加生物炭也可以成为封存大气二氧化碳的一种手段。 在这里，我们提出生物炭的另一种应用； - 降低土壤中污染物的生物利用度，特别是通过利用土壤污染物残留物与生物炭的结合。 我们建议将 i) 植物提取与 ii) 使用生物炭固定残留污染物的过程联系起来，并在安大略省三个不同的污染地点测试它们的联合功效。 除了开展多年实地规模研究以解决已确定的研究空白之外，我们还将利用这三个地点的土壤进行补充温室和实验室调查。 最终，我们的目标是开发一个两步走的“绿色”修复方案。 第一步涉及通过植物提取尽可能提取可行的污染物。 第二步将涉及使用生物炭固定土壤中的任何残留污染物。