Integration of Mobile and Aerial LiDAR for Large-Scale Photorealistic Urban Modeling

集成移动激光雷达和航空激光雷达进行大规模真实城市建模

• 批准号: 435793-2013
• 负责人: Wang, Ruisheng
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=574182
• 关键词: Integration; Mobile; Aerial; LiDAR; Large

The interest in generating 3D models has been motivated by a wide range of applications such as urban planning and GIS. In recent years, the demand for 3D photorealistic building models has dramatically increased. These needs arise particularly from 3D GPS navigation systems and on-line services such as Nokia, Google, and Apple maps. According to Parks Associates (2010), the number of Smartphone users worldwide is predicted to exceed 1 billion by 2014. The mobile location based services (MLBS) including advertising and marketing is to generate multi-billion revenues, as a recent report from Juniper Research showing that the market of MLBS is expected to reach more than $12.7 billion by 2014. Maps are the backbone of the location based services, where the three dimensional maps are one of the most important features in the next generation maps. To date, no efficient solutions are able to fully automate the creation of photorealistic building models with ground-level details from LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging). Automatic methods could significantly increase productivity, reduce costs, and be of enormous interest to location based service providers. Mobile LiDAR is a rapidly emerging technology in which multiple sensors mounted on a vehicle collect 3D and visual data while vehicles drive at the posted speed. The ability to produce accurate geo-referenced 3D points with sufficient detail at ground level makes mobile LiDAR an ideal data source for detailed façade modeling. Yet, due to the line-of-sight issue of ground-based data acquisition system, it is difficult to always obtain complete and sufficient data from all the building surfaces such as rooftops. The combination of mobile and aerial LiDAR will contain information from both a top-down perspective and a street-level view, which therefore is a valuable data source for large-scale photorealistic urban modeling. This proposal investigates three key issues in automatic creation of 3D photorealistic building models at city-scale using mobile and aerial LiDAR: 1) automatic mobile-to-aerial LiDAR registration, 2) automatic photorealistic building model generation, and 3) automatic texture selection and mapping.

近年来，城市规划和 GIS 等广泛的应用激发了人们对生成 3D 模型的兴趣，尤其是 3D GPS 导航系统和在线系统对 3D 逼真建筑模型的需求急剧增加。 Parks Associates (2010) 预计，到 2014 年，全球智能手机用户数量将超过 10 亿。基于移动位置的服务 (MLBS) 包括广告和营销。 Juniper Research 最近的一份报告显示，MLBS 市场预计到 2014 年将达到 127 亿美元以上。地图是基于位置的服务的支柱，其中三维地图是其中之一迄今为止，还没有有效的解决方案能够利用激光雷达（自动光检测和测距）方法完全自动创建具有地面细节的逼真建筑模型。可以显着提高生产力，降低成本，并且引起基于位置的服务提供商的极大兴趣。 移动 LiDAR 是一项快速新兴的技术，其中安装在车辆上的多个传感器在车辆以规定速度行驶时收集 3D 并生成视觉数据。能够在地面上准确提供足够细节的地理参考 3D 点，使移动 LiDAR 成为理想的数据。然而，由于地面数据采集系统的视距问题，很难始终从屋顶等所有建筑表面获得完整且足够的数据。激光雷达将包含来自自上而下的视角和街道视图的信息，因此是大规模真实感城市建模的宝贵数据源，该提案研究了自动创建城市规模 3D 真实感建筑模型的三个关键问题。使用移动和空中激光雷达：1）自动移动到空中激光雷达注册，2）自动生成逼真的建筑模型，以及3）自动纹理选择和映射。