Development and Characterization of Bio-Materials for Sustainable Construction

可持续建筑生物材料的开发和表征

• 批准号: 418729-2012
• 负责人: Cree, Duncan
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=573802
• 关键词: Development; Characterization; Bio; Materials; Sustainable

Attention has been growing globally on the need for new materials that are sustainable. Interest is forcing industry to change their approach to recyclability, bio-degradability and to replace current, oil-based materials with renewable ones. Some petroleum plastic based products are recyclable, but large portions still end up in our landfills. The research will evaluate non-food related agricultural plant-based fibre materials such as hemp, kenaf and jute mixed with an epoxy resin that has been substituted with a large percentage of bio-based resins such as soybean, pine or castor oils. The performance (e.g. tensile, compression, flexural bend strength, Charpy impact toughness, cyclic fatigue and high and low temperature durability) of small and larger scale composites will be evaluated to determine their suitability as civil engineering construction materials. The fundamental mechanisms of mechanical and chemical material interactions will be investigated. New market applications could include hollow tubes, sandwich panels for rapid construction, panelling, tiles, building siding and stay-in-place concrete forms. The training of highly qualified personnel will allow 4 undergraduate summer students, upper year, 4 M.Sc. (2 full and 2 co-supervisions) and 2 Ph.D. students to develop the processes involved in the materials selection, manufacturing procedure, experimental mechanical testing, theoretical analysis and to recommend an end use for this novel material. Natural fibres with bio-based polymer resins have been successfully implemented in certain areas of the automotive and packaging industries but have not been developed in the construction industry. This program promotes farming; it expands Canada's agricultural diversity and industries. Business spin-offs from this program range from bio-fibre growth to processing of fibres into fabrics. Canada has large quantities of forestry wood scraps and agricultural biomass as such bio-resin production plants could be created. This research program develops the science and engineering needed to extend the planet's natural resources for future generations.

全球对可持续新材料的需求日益受到关注。人们的兴趣迫使行业改变其可回收性、生物降解性的方法，并用可再生材料取代当前的油基材料。一些石油塑料产品是可回收的，但大部分最终仍进入我们的垃圾填埋场。该研究将评估与环氧树脂混合的非食品相关农业植物纤维材料，例如大麻、洋麻和黄麻，该材料已被大量生物基树脂（例如大豆、松树或蓖麻油）替代。将评估小型和大型复合材料的性能（例如拉伸、压缩、弯曲弯曲强度、夏比冲击韧性、循环疲劳和高低温耐久性），以确定其作为土木工程建筑材料的适用性。将研究机械和化学材料相互作用的基本机制。新的市场应用可能包括空心管、用于快速施工的夹芯板、镶板、瓷砖、建筑壁板和固定混凝土模板。 高素质人才培养计划包括本科生暑期生4名、高年级生4名、硕士生4名。 （2名全职和2名共同指导）和2名博士。学生开发涉及材料选择、制造程序、实验机械测试、理论分析的流程，并推荐这种新型材料的最终用途。含有生物基聚合物树脂的天然纤维已成功应用于汽车和包装行业的某些领域，但尚未在建筑行业得到开发。该计划促进农业发展；它扩大了加拿大农业的多样性和工业。该计划的业务衍生品包括从生物纤维生长到将纤维加工成织物。加拿大拥有大量林业木材废料和农业生物质，因此可以建造此类生物树脂生产厂。该研究计划开发了为子孙后代扩展地球自然资源所需的科学和工程。