Pushing the limits of biomedical optics endoscopy through the development of dedicated instrumentation

通过开发专用仪器突破生物医学光学内窥镜的极限

• 批准号: 341555-2013
• 负责人: Boudoux, Caroline
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=572296
• 关键词: Pushing; limits; biomedical; optics; endoscopy; Pushing; limits; biomedical; optics; endoscopy

The past 25 years have witnessed the emergence of a wide array of novel medical imaging modalities exploiting the interaction between laser light and biological tissues. The techniques are now used in biology for observing tissues at architectural (using large field-of-view modalities such as optical coherence tomography), cellular (using confocal microscopy) or molecular (using fluorescence or nonlinear techniques) levels. Translation to the clinical world will allow clinicians to perform minimally invasive diagnoses. While biomedical optics techniques have a resolution and contrast unsurpassed by conventional medical imaging instruments (such as X rays, MRI, PET), their penetration depth is too shallow to perform visualization of internal organs without developing small and flexible instruments known as endoscopes. Additionally, while fluorescent agents may be added to study biological processes in small animals, very few are approved for use in humans. We must therefore rely mostly on endogeneous molecules (eg fluorophores naturally present in human tissues) to obtain specific contrast. The goals of this research are thus to: (1) study the interaction of lasers with biological tissues to develop ways to excite endogeneous molecules, (2) develop novel optical fibre components that will allow exciting these molecules for enhanced endoscopic imaging and (3) design and fabricate miniature lenses and other optical components to obtain high resolution imaging within the narrow confines of endoscopy. The biomedical industry in Canada will benefit from this research through the generation of new intellectual property, the training of highly qualified and specialised personnel as well as the creation of a unique expertise in lens fabrication through a technology called diamond-turning CNC available at École Polytechnique Montréal. The long term impact of this research is to decrease health care cost and increase overall the quality of life of Canadians by providing clinicians with diagnostic tools allowing for more accurate, less invasive screening procedures at stages where full recovery is the most likely outcome.

在过去的25年中，见证了各种新型的医学成像方式的出现，利用激光光和生物组织之间的相互作用。现在，该技术用于生物学中，用于观察组织在建筑（使用较大的视野模态（例如光学连贯性断层扫描），细胞（使用共聚焦显微镜）或分子（使用荧光或非线性技术）水平的结构上。转化为临床世界将使临床医生能够进行最小的侵入性诊断。虽然生物医学光学技术具有传统医学成像仪器（例如X射线，MRI，PET）无与伦比的分辨率和对比度，但它们的渗透深度太浅而无法进行内部器官的可视化，而不会开发出称为内窥镜的小而柔性仪器。另外，虽然可以添加荧光剂来研究小动物的生物学过程，但很少有人被批准用于人类。因此，我们必须主要在内源分子上（例如，在人体组织中天然存在荧光团）才能获得特定的对比度。 因此，这项研究的目标是：（1）研究激光与生物组织的相互作用，以开发兴奋的内差分子的方法，（2）开发新型的光纤成分，这些纤维成分将允许这些分子令人兴奋，以增强内窥镜成像，并（3）设计和制造小型镜头和其他光学组成部分，以在范围内进行狭窄的图像范围。 加拿大的生物医学行业将通过新的知识产权，高素质和专业的人员的培训以及创建晶状体制造方面的独特专业知识，从ÉcolePolytechniqueMontréal提供的技术中受益。这项研究的长期影响是通过向临床医生提供诊断工具，从而降低医疗保健成本并提高加拿大人的总体生活质量，从而在最有可能的结果是最有可能的结果的阶段，在阶段进行更准确，侵入性较低的筛查程序。