Perceptual-motor representations of manipulable objects.

可操纵物体的知觉运动表征。

• 批准号: 184232-2013
• 负责人: Bub, Daniel
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of Victoria
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=546014
• 关键词: Perceptual; motor; representations; manipulable; objects.

Until quite recently, perception and action were considered to be separate domains of interest. Advances in experimental techniques, however, have lead to a new appreciation that viewing and responding to an object must be determined at least in part by mechanisms that are fundamentally entangled. For example, neuroimaging studies have shown that the motor cortex is activated when observers classify pictures of manipulable objects. Behavioural studies likewise have established that planning an action can affect the perception of an object sharing features (for example, orientation) with the intended response. While these phenomena are of great interest, much of the detailed work on perceptual-motor interactions is based on abstract tasks (for example, preparing a left/right key press, or visually encoding the direction of an arrow) that make little contact with the processes mediating the identification of everyday objects. This proposal describes a set of novel experimental procedures involving common manipulable objects to further address a number of important questions on the dynamic interplay between perception and action, extending previous theoretical and empirical developments in new directions. First, I introduce a methodology to enable a better understanding of the action representation immediately generated by attention to the image of a familiar object like a beer mug or frying pan. This research will establish that motor affordances are not simply based on the grasp evoked by the orientation of the handle but on a more complex description of the typical function attributed to the object as a whole. Next, experiments are discussed that further elucidate the causal role of the motor system in perceptual and language tasks that require the classification of handled objects. Finally, I describe a methodology that will clarify how movement trajectories (especially the rotation of the hand) are affected by perceived affordances that conflict with or conform to an intended action.

直到最近，感知和行动仍被认为是感兴趣的单独领域。 但是，实验技术的进步导致了新的欣赏，即观察和响应对象必须至少部分取决于从根本上纠缠的机制。 例如，神经影像学研究表明，当观察者对可操作对象的图片进行分类时，运动皮层会激活。 行为研究同样已经确定，计划行动可以影响对象共享特征（例如，方向）的感知。 尽管这些现象引起了极大的兴趣，但有关感知运动相互作用的大部分详细工作都是基于抽象任务（例如，准备左/右键按下或在视觉上编码箭头方向），几乎没有与介导的日常对象识别的过程接触。该提案描述了一组新的实验程序，涉及常见的可操作对象，以进一步解决有关感知和动作之间动态相互作用的许多重要问题，从而将以前的理论和经验发展扩展到新的方向上。 首先，我介绍了一种方法，以更好地理解对熟悉物体（如啤酒杯或油炸锅）的形象立即产生的动作表示形式。 这项研究将确定电动机的负担不仅是基于手柄的方向引起的掌握，而且还基于对整个对象的典型功能的更复杂的描述。 接下来，讨论实验，进一步阐明了运动系统在需要分类对象的感知和语言任务中的因果作用。 最后，我描述了一种方法，该方法将阐明运动轨迹（尤其是手的旋转）如何受到与预期行动相冲突或符合预期行动的感觉的影响。