Single-Molecule and Single-Active-Site Studies of Chirality Transfer and Olefin Metathesis Reactions on Metal and Metal Carbide Surfaces

金属和金属碳化物表面手性转移和烯烃复分解反应的单分子和单活性位点研究

• 批准号: 1510-2012
• 负责人: McBreen, Peter
• 金额: $ 7.36万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=543974
• 关键词: Single; Molecule; Active; Site; Studies

This research effort is based on the study of chemical reactions that take place on catalyst surfaces. These types of catalytic processes only take place rapidly when the reactant molecules encounter each other on custom-made catalyst surfaces. The Chinese characters for 'catalyst' can also be use for 'marriage broker'. Our research is aimed at understanding how the catalyst surface guides and activates the reactants-one couple at a time-towards a happy union. The guiding forces can range from the brutal to the subtle; the catalyst may need to split the reactants into fragments before the reaction occurs or it may simply need to induce reaction on one specific face of a molecule, as in a chiral reaction. We use a combination of surface science research tools to interrogate the forces that govern the reactivity of molecules in contact with a catalyst surface. These techniques are able to isolate single active sites on the surface and are able observe the organization of individual molecules around these sites. We collaborate with Danish scientists in the interpretation of the data. The projects are centred on two families of reactions, chiral or asymmetric catalysis and olefin metathesis. Chiral catalysis is central to the synthesis of pharmaceutical and agrochemical products. Olefin metathesis is an extraordinarily effective Green Chemistry method for the preparation of molecular materials. The molecular details gleaned from these studies are of primary importance to progress in many other areas than catalysis. This is because solid surfaces are used as literally the foundation of many modern technologies such as sensors and nanodevices. The chemical forces governing catalytic activity often also govern the quality of function of such devices.

这项研究工作基于对催化剂表面发生的化学反应的研究。这些类型的催化过程只有当反应物分子在定制的催化剂表面上彼此相遇时才会快速发生。汉字“催化剂”也可用于“婚姻掮客”。我们的研究旨在了解催化剂表面如何引导和激活反应物（一次一对）以实现幸福的结合。指导力量可以是残酷的，也可以是微妙的。催化剂可能需要在反应发生之前将反应物分裂成碎片，或者可能只需要在分子的一个特定面上引发反应，如手性反应。我们结合使用表面科学研究工具来探究控制与催化剂表面接触的分子反应性的力。 这些技术能够分离表面上的单个活性位点，并能够观察这些位点周围单个分子的组织。我们与丹麦科学家合作解释数据。这些项目集中在两个反应系列：手性或不对称催化和烯烃复分解。手性催化是药物和农化产品合成的核心。烯烃复分解是一种非常有效的制备分子材料的绿色化学方法。从这些研究中收集到的分子细节对于催化以外的许多其他领域的进展至关重要。这是因为固体表面实际上被用作许多现代技术（例如传感器和纳米设备）的基础。控制催化活性的化学力通常也控制此类装置的功能质量。