Efficiency of protein deposition and amino acid utilization as key factors for improving feed efficiency, economical and environmental sustainability of rainbow trout culture

蛋白质沉积和氨基酸利用效率是提高虹鳟鱼养殖饲料效率、经济和环境可持续性的关键因素

• 批准号: 413369-2011
• 负责人: Bureau, Dominique
• 金额: $ 11.05万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=530779
• 关键词: Efficiency; protein; deposition; amino; acid

The sustainabilityof trout culture operations in Canada and France is highlydependent on how well these enterprises can improve their productivityand conversion of expensive and changing feed inputs into a marketable product, and reduce their waste outputs and environmental footprint.The efficiencyof conversion of feed resources into fish biomass (feed efficiency, FE, biomass gain/ feed served) has a significant impact on production cost and waste outputs of fish culture operations. Studies and model simulations have revealed the determinant effect of protein deposition on growth and feed efficiencyof rainbow trout. Bodyprotein accretion and overall efficiencyof protein utilization efficiency(protein gain/protein intake) varyconsiderablydepending upon live weight, genetic background or diet composition in rainbow trout. Despite a considerable number of studies on protein and amino acid nutrition of fish, our understanding of the determinants of protein deposition and efficiencyof protein utilization is relatively limited. The recent identification byINRA scientists of rainbow trout strains showing consistent genetic variation in FE and the characterization of changes in FE and efficiencyof protein utilization of rainbow trout throughout their life cycle byresearchers at the Universityof Guelph offer interesting and novel models for studying the mechanisms underlying the regulation of the efficiencyof protein utilization in fish. The project will make use of the complementaryexpertise of two partnering research groups in France and Canada. It will involves three complementarytasks comprised of 1) animal feeding studies and advanced mathematical and statistical analysis of the phenotypic responses, 2) fine analysis of molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the efficiencyof protein utilization and 3) development of production management tools. This combined approach will generate new scientific knowledge and contribute to the development of cost-effective, environmentallyfriendlyaquaculture production technologies.

加拿大和法国鳟鱼养殖业务的可持续性在很大程度上取决于这些企业能否提高生产力，将昂贵且不断变化的饲料投入转化为适销对路的产品，并减少废物产出和环境足迹。饲料资源转化为鱼类生物质的效率（饲料效率、FE、生物量增益/提供的饲料）对养鱼作业的生产成本和废物产生具有重大影响。研究和模型模拟揭示了蛋白质沉积对虹鳟鱼生长和饲料效率的决定性影响。身体蛋白质的积累和蛋白质利用效率的总体效率（蛋白质增益/蛋白质摄入）根据虹鳟鱼的活重、遗传背景或饮食成分而有很大差异。尽管对鱼类蛋白质和氨基酸营养进行了大量研究，但我们对蛋白质沉积和蛋白质利用效率的决定因素的了解相对有限。 INRA 科学家最近鉴定的虹鳟鱼品系显示出一致的 FE 遗传变异，圭尔夫大学的研究人员对虹鳟鱼整个生命周期中 FE 变化和蛋白质利用效率的表征，为研究调控机制提供了有趣且新颖的模型鱼类蛋白质利用效率的研究该项目将利用法国和加拿大两个合作研究小组的互补专业知识。它将涉及三项互补的任务，包括 1) 动物饲养研究和表型反应的高级数学和统计分析，2) 涉及蛋白质利用效率的分子和细胞机制的精细分析，以及 3) 生产管理工具的开发。这种综合方法将产生新的科学知识，并有助于开发具有成本效益、环境友好的水产养殖生产技术。