A multi-disciplinary approach to understanding interactions between lexical and affective processing

理解词汇和情感处理之间相互作用的多学科方法

基本信息

批准号：
250018-2013
负责人：
Westbury, Chris
金额：
$ 2.02万
依托单位：
University of Alberta
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=524888
关键词：
multi disciplinary approach understanding interactions

项目摘要

How words have meaning (lexical semantics) is one of the least understood functions of the human mind, and one of a handful of basic psychological functions that cannot easily benefit from comparative studies of non-human animals, since no other animals use language in the way that humans do. My research is focused on helping cognitive science understand word meaning as a basic biological process that is related to other basic cross-species biological processes such as approach and avoidance behavior, emotional processing, learning, and pattern recognition. There are many reasons why understanding word meaning is challenging, including the fact that neuropsychological and brain imaging evidence both suggest that the brain does not treat word meaning as one thing. We already know that computing word meaning uses many different brain regions and that it breaks down in a many different ways following brain damage. One methodological problem with the scientific study of lexical semantics is that much of has relied on human judgments of meaning as an 'explanatory variable', to be used in scientific explanations. Instead of relying on those judgments as explanations, it is better to explain what sort of psychological processes underlie those judgments. This is what I am trying to do. I use a computational method for extracting information about word meaning from a large corpus of human-generated text. My research focuses in particular on extracting information about emotions that are associated with words, and on understanding how that emotional information impacts on how humans access words and their meanings. I use a combination of experimental and brain imaging methods, as well as an analysis of the computer algorithms that are used to extract word meaning from text.

单词如何具有意义（词汇语义）是人类思想最了解的功能之一，也是少数几个基本的心理功能之一，这些功能无法轻易从非人类动物的比较研究中受益，因为没有其他动物使用语言。人类的方式。我的研究重点是帮助认知科学理解含义是一种基本的生物学过程，该过程与其他基本的跨物种生物学过程，例如方法和回避行为，情感处理，学习和模式识别。理解单词含义具有挑战性的原因有很多，包括神经心理学和大脑成像证据都表明大脑不会将单词含义视为一件事。我们已经知道，计算单词含义使用了许多不同的大脑区域，并且它在大脑损伤后以多种不同的方式分解。词汇语义的科学研究的方法论问题是，大部分依赖于人类对意义作为“解释性变量”的判断，用于科学解释。与其依靠这些判断作为解释，不如说明哪些心理过程是这些判断的基础。这就是我要做的。我使用一种计算方法来从大量的人类生成的文本中提取有关单词含义的信息。我的研究尤其着重于提取有关与单词相关的情绪的信息，以及了解情绪信息如何影响人类如何访问单词及其含义。我结合了实验和脑成像方法，以及对用于从文本中提取单词含义的计算机算法的分析。