Polythermal Glacier and Permafrost Hydrodynamic Interactions

多热冰川和永久冻土水动力相互作用

• 批准号: 203339-2012
• 负责人: Moorman, Brian
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=523439
• 关键词: Polythermal; Glacier; Permafrost; Hydrodynamic; Interactions

Permafrost and glaciers are widespread in the Canadian North. Approximately half of the Canadian landmass is underlain by permafrost and there are estimated to be in the order of 100,000 glaciers in Canada. Both permafrost and glaciers are very susceptible to climatic change. Unfortunately, relatively little is known about the interaction between these two systems, specifically how water moves within and between them. The impact of climate change on permafrost and glacier hydrodynamics is even more poorly understood, even though there is the potential for dramatic affects to the surrounding landscape and downstream environments. This research will utilize a combination of new geophysical and remote sensing methods to investigate how water moves through Arctic glaciers and out into the surrounding permafrost environment. The study area for this research is on Bylot Island in Sirmilik National Park in the eastern Canadian Arctic. Bylot Island is an ideal location to undertake this research as it has abundant glaciers and thick permafrost, and in many ways is very representative of many other locations in the Arctic. The research will involve mapping conduits within the glaciers and surrounding permafrost and tracing water flow through the system, locating areas where it is being dammed up and determining the impact of water at the base of the glaciers in their movement. As well, since the glaciers are now quickly retreating, we will be examining how this retreat influences the hydrological system. The ultimate result of this research will be a new hydrodynamic model of the permafrost-glacier hydrologic system that can be used by environmental scientists and regulators to assist in northern development and management and help them understand potential impacts of climate change. This research will also result in the training of two PhD, four MSc and a number of undergraduate students in applied geophysical and remote sensing methods as well as Arctic field research. As such, this research will contribute to satisfying a urgent demand for scientists needed to address the significant issues of the northern territories.

多年冻土和冰川在加拿大北部广泛。加拿大大约一半的加拿大陆地在加拿大的佛罗里斯特（Permafrost）的基础上受到了限制，据估计在加拿大的命令为100,000个冰川。多年冻土和冰川都非常容易发生气候变化。不幸的是，关于这两个系统之间的相互作用，特别是水之间和之间的交互作用相对较少。气候变化对多年冻土和冰川流体动力学的影响更加了解，即使对周围景观和下游环境产生了巨大影响。这项研究将利用新的地球物理和遥感方法的结合来研究水如何穿过北极冰川并进入周围的多年冻土环境。该研究的研究区域位于加拿大东部北极地区Sirmilik国家公园的章程岛上。章程岛是进行这项研究的理想场所，因为它具有丰富的冰川和浓密的多年冻土，并且在许多方面都非常代表北极中许多其他地点。该研究将涉及冰川内和周围多年冻土内的绘制导管，并追踪流经系统的水流，定位该区域被堵塞并确定水在冰川运动中的影响。同样，由于冰川现在正在迅速撤退，我们将研究这种撤退如何影响水文系统。这项研究的最终结果将是一种新的流体动力模型的新冰淇淋冰淇淋系统，可以被环境科学家和监管机构使用，以帮助北部发展和管理，并帮助他们了解气候变化的潜在影响。这项研究还将导致在应用地球物理和遥感方法以及北极现场研究中培训两项博士学位，四个MSC和许多本科生。因此，这项研究将有助于满足对解决北部地区重大问题所需的科学家的紧急需求。