High intensity relativistic laser plasma interactions and laser fusion

高强度相对论激光等离子体相互作用和激光聚变

• 批准号: 9423-2009
• 负责人: Fedosejevs, Robert
• 金额: $ 7.72万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=521277
• 关键词: intensity; relativistic; laser; plasma; interactions

Rapid advances in the production and amplification of ultrashort optical pulses have enabled the generation of multi-terawatt pulses with small laboratory scale laser systems. The duration of these laser pulses can be as short as 25 femtoseconds, a light pulse whose total length is measured in tens of microns. The peak instantaneous power of 10 terawatts is equivalent to several times the total electrical generating capacity of the whole world for one brief instant. This power when focused into micron size spots leads to extraordinarily strong relativistic interactions of the coherent laser light and matter. Pressures and densities are created which only exist in the centre of stellar media and accelerating electric field gradients of GeV per centimetre are created. The present research proposal will explore the fundamental physical processes occurring in the interaction of these high intensity laser pulses and matter, a new area identified as High Energy Density Physics, and investigate a number of phenomena occurring at these extreme intensities including: 1) generation and acceleration of GeV electrons via wakefield acceleration in plasma guide channels, 2) generation of high brightness proton beams for pinpoint radiation therapy of cancer tumors, 3) generation of radioisotopes on demand, 4) generation of high brightness femtosecond x-ray pulses for phase contrast microscopy, 5) generation of femtosecond electron jets for time resolved electron radiographic studies and 6) the generation, transport and energy deposition from electron and proton beams for fast ignition fusion energy. All of these new phenomena are leading to a new paradigm of tabletop particle accelerators, tabletop synchrotron sources and tabletop nuclear physics. A key enabling technology for all of these application areas is a robust, efficient, high energy, high repetition rate, ultrashort pulse laser source and the project will develop and demonstrate such a source based on newly emerging diode pumped ceramic disk laser technology. One of the major overall goals of the research is to advance Fast Ignition which could lead to the rapid advancement of Laser Fusion Energy giving us a long term solution for our growing green house gas and energy crises.

超短光脉冲的生产和扩增的快速进步已使具有小型实验室比例激光系统的多曲保持脉冲产生。 这些激光脉冲的持续时间可以短至25个飞秒，这是一个光脉冲，其总长度以数十万微米为单位。 10吨的峰值瞬时功率相当于整个世界的总发电能力的几倍。 当专注于微米尺寸的斑点时，这种功能会导致相干激光和物质的极强相对论相互作用。 创建的压力和密度仅在恒星介质的中心存在，并创建GEV的电场梯度。 The present research proposal will explore the fundamental physical processes occurring in the interaction of these high intensity laser pulses and matter, a new area identified as High Energy Density Physics, and investigate a number of phenomena occurring at these extreme intensities including: 1) generation and acceleration of GeV electrons via wakefield acceleration in plasma guide channels, 2) generation of high brightness proton beams for pinpoint radiation therapy of cancer tumors, 3) generation 4）4）产生高亮度飞秒X射线脉冲，用于相对造影显微镜，5）产生的飞秒电子射流，用于时间分解的电子射线照相研究和6）6）从电子和质子束从电子和质子束产生，传输和能量降低，用于快速点火融合能。所有这些新现象都导致了桌面粒子加速器，桌面同步源和桌面核物理学的新范式。 所有这些应用领域的关键启用技术是一种强大，高效，高能量，高重复速率，超静脉冲激光源，该项目将开发并演示基于新兴二极管二极管泵送的陶瓷磁盘激光技术的来源。 该研究的主要总体目标之一是提高快速点火，这可能会导致激光融合能量的快速发展，从而为我们的温室气体和能源危机提供了长期解决方案。