Irregular computations on heterogeneous multi-core architectures

异构多核架构上的不规则计算

• 批准号: 239741-2011
• 负责人: Thulasiraman, Parimala
• 金额: $ 1.02万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=479156
• 关键词: Irregular; computations; heterogeneous; multi; core

Parallel computing involves using many computers to solve a given problem fast and cooperatively. Problems in medicine, transportation networks and finance produce significant amounts of data that require processing of the information in real-time. Parallel computing becomes fundamental for these applications. These days, general-purpose computers (PC) come with not one CPU (central processing unit or processor) but with 2, 4 or 8 identical processors (or cores), allowing simultaneous execution of many tasks. Recently, graphical processing units (GPUs) have become mainstream in applications such as games, video, and multimedia. There are more than hundreds of processing elements on a single GPU providing lots of data parallelism (for example, each pixel on the video screen can be processed independently). These GPUs come as a single chip and can be installed on any PC. CPU together with GPUs provide massive amount of parallelism and are called multi-core machines. Play Station (PS3) is a typical example of a multi-core machine. The question one asks is what are we going to do with these powerful computers and what applications besides games can be programmed on these machines? One of the applications this research concentrates on is medical imaging. Determining the internal structure of an organism, with sufficient detail to yield diagnostic information of a patient, is a first step before administering any procedure. Medical imaging is the process by which physicians evaluate an area of the patient's body that is not normally visible. There are many imaging techniques. This research focuses on computed tomography and emerging microwave tomography techniques for breast cancer detection. The images in any of the imaging techniques require large amounts of storage space and need to be processed fast to make real-time decisions on the patient. Therefore, the focus of this proposed research will be on the design and performance evaluation of sophisticated algorithms on multi-cores for problems in medical imaging techniques. This research will also focus on computational issues in using the powerful computers for problems in transportation network and finance.

并行计算涉及使用许多计算机快速，合作地解决给定问题。医学，运输网络和金融问题中的问题会产生大量的数据，这些数据需要实时处理信息。对于这些应用，并行计算成为基础。如今，通用计算机（PC）没有一个CPU（中央处理单元或处理器），而是2、4或8个相同的处理器（或核心），可以同时执行许多任务。最近，图形处理单元（GPU）已成为游戏，视频和多媒体等应用中的主流。单个GPU上有数百多个处理元素提供许多数据并行性（例如，视频屏幕上的每个像素都可以独立处理）。这些GPU作为单个芯片出现，可以安装在任何PC上。 CPU与GPU一起提供大量的并行性，称为多核机器。 Play Station（PS3）是多核机的典型示例。一个人问的问题是，我们将如何处理这些功能强大的计算机，除了游戏外，还可以在这些机器上编程哪些应用程序？该研究集中的应用之一是医学成像。确定有机体的内部结构，并具有足够的细节来产生患者的诊断信息，这是管理任何程序之前的第一步。医学成像是医生评估通常不可见的患者身体区域的过程。有许多成像技术。这项研究重点是用于乳腺癌检测的计算机断层扫描和新兴的微波断层扫描技术。任何成像技术中的图像都需要大量的存储空间，并且需要快速处理以对患者做出实时决策。因此，这项拟议的研究的重点将放在医学成像技术问题的多核算法的设计和性能评估上。这项研究还将集中在使用强大的计算机解决运输网络和金融问题的计算问题上。