Engineering of high voltage discharges

高压放电工程

• 批准号: 1325-2006
• 负责人: Janischewskyj, Wasyl
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=388437
• 关键词: Engineering; voltage; discharges

As we admire from afar the spectacular display of nature's temper provided by the lightning, we cannot hide the fear it instils.  And our instincts are right.  A lightning strike has the potential of causing irreparable damage to everything it touches and on occasion it leads to loss of life.  Even at a distance, electromagnetic radiation from the lightning path may induce sufficient voltage to be responsible for permanent loss or at least for temporary malfunction of electrical apparatus and electronic components.         While protection efforts against detrimental effects of direct lightning strikes date as far back as Benjamin Franklin, through experimental observations pertinent knowledge about the danger of indirect strikes is gained with every new day.  Advances in the miniaturization of electronic components make our instrumentation much more handy yet also more susceptible to the incident electromagnetic field.  For that reason requirements on details about the technical characteristics of a lightning event are continuously becoming more and more stringent.  Fortunately improved instrumentation can provide the needed more precise information.       The requested support for the Discovery Grant will be used to pursue studies at the CN Tower on three aspects of the lightning phenomenon: (1) To perform simultaneous measurements of the lightning current within the CN Tower and of the electromagnetic radiation it emanates.  Appropriate visual aspects of the lightning flash will also be recorded.  (2) To develop computational models that could help to establish the relation between the current within the lightning path and the resultant electromagnetic field incident at a specified geographic location.  For their verification these models will be compared to measured results collected under item 1.  (3) To engage in studies of other aspects of lightning, such as the distribution of lightning current within the CN Tower and within ground in its vicinity.       Results of proposed investigations will provide needed information for use in standards and regulations on lightning protection and thereby safeguard structures, avoid accidents at airports and hopefully save lives.

当我们从远处欣赏闪电所提供的自然温度的壮观显示时，我们无法掩饰它的恐惧。我们的直觉是正确的。雷击的潜力可能会对它所触摸的所有事物造成无法弥补的损害，有时会导致生命损失。即使在一定距离处，来自雷电路径的电子辐射也可能导致足够的电压导致永久损失，或者至少对于电气设备和电子组件的临时故障。虽然保护直接雷击的有害影响的努力与本杰明·富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin）的历史相关，但通过实验性观察，每天都会获得有关间接罢工危险的知识。电子组件的小型化的进步使我们的仪器更加方便，但也更容易受到入射电磁场的影响。因此，关于雷电事件技术特征的详细信息的要求不断变得越来越严格。幸运的是，改进的仪器可以提供所需的更精确的信息。对发现赠款的要求支持将用于在CN塔上对闪电现象的三个方面进行研究：（1）同时测量CN塔中的闪电电流以及IT发出的电子辐射。还将记录闪电闪光灯的适当视觉方面。 （2）开发计算模型，以帮助建立闪电路径内的电流与指定地理位置的导致电磁场之间的关系。为了进行验证，将将这些模型与第1项收集的测量结果进行比较。（3）参与闪电的其他方面的研究，例如CN塔内闪电的分布以及其附近的地面。   拟议的调查结果将提供所需的信息，以便在有关避雷针的标准和法规中使用，从而保护结构，避免在机场发生事故，并希望挽救生命。