The representative microbiome: social determinants and tools for population research

代表性微生物组：社会决定因素和人口研究工具

• 批准号: 9016644
• 负责人: Jennifer Beam Dowd
• 金额: $ 2.1万
• 依托单位: GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTH POLICY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-02-18 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9016644
• 关键词: Accounting; Age; Alcohol consumption; Area; Behavioral; Bioinformatics; Biological; Biological Markers; Blood Glucose; C-reactive protein; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cells; Cellular Structures; Characteristics; Chronic Disease; Clinical Research; Complement; Computer software; Data; Data Set; Demographic Factors; Dental Hygiene; Diabetes Mellitus; Ecology; Education; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Fasting; Future; Health; Health Status; Herpesviridae; Household; Human; Human Microbiome; Human body; Immune response; Income; Infection; Inflammation; Internet; Intervention; Lead; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Massive Parallel Sequencing; Measurement; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Metagenomics; Modification; Mouth Diseases; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Nutritional; Obesity; Occupations; Online Systems; Oral; Oral cavity; Outcome; Pattern; Phenotype; Population; Population Research; Prediabetes syndrome; Premature Birth; Prevalence; Prevention strategy; Race; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Social Characteristics; Social Sciences; Socioeconomic Factors; Specialist; Structure; Subgroup; Surveys; Systemic disease; Testing; Time; Tobacco use; Training; Variant; base; cost; health disparity; healthy volunteer; inflammatory marker; insight; inter-individual variation; microbial; microbial community; microbiome; novel; oral HPV; oral microbiome; population based; population health; racial and ethnic; social; socioeconomics; theories; tool; web based interface

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The structure and function of the vast array of microbial communities hosted by the human body ("microbiome") is emerging as a novel contributor to variation in health outcomes. As links between the human microbiome and health emerge, population health approaches to understanding the social and environmental determinants of microbiome variation will be an important complement to microbiological and clinical research. Advances in massively parallel sequencing and computing now enable relatively low-cost characterization of the human microbiome in population-based studies. The Human Microbiome Project and MetaHIT project characterized the human microbiome among small groups of healthy volunteers, but neither of these projects used a representative population-based sample with a wide range of phenotypic variation, and the association of socioeconomic and demographic factors with microbiome composition is largely unknown. The human mouth harbors one of the most diverse microbial communities in the human body, which has been linked with both oral and systemic disease including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and pre-term birth. This study will establish the prevalence of oral microbiome characteristics and the associations of these characteristics with sociodemographic factors in a large, nationally representative sample from the 2009-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We will further examine the association of the oral microbiome with biomarkers of health risk that vary by SES and race/ethnicity including inflammation (C-reactive protein) and diabetes and pre-diabetes (fasting blood glucose and HbA1C%). Finally, the project will also build infrastructure for inter-disciplinary research in this emerging area by developing a publicly available, web- based interface and toolkit for population health researchers to easily incorporate microbiome data into their analysis. Understanding the social and life course determinants of the oral microbiome has the potential to lead to novel prevention strategies based upon environmental modification and manipulation of microbial ecology to reduce health disparities.

描述（由申请人提供）：随着人类微生物组与健康之间联系的出现，人体所承载的大量微生物群落（“微生物组”）的结构和功能正在成为导致健康结果变化的新因素。 ，了解微生物组变异的社会和环境决定因素的人口健康方法将是微生物学和临床研究的重要补充，并行测序和计算的进步现在可以对人类微生物组进行相对低成本的大规模表征。人类微生物组项目和 MetaHIT 项目描述了一小群健康志愿者中的人类微生物组特征，但这两个项目都没有使用具有广泛表型变异的代表性人群样本，以及社会经济和人口统计学的关联。影响微生物组组成的因素在很大程度上是未知的。人类口腔是人体中最多样化的微生物群落之一，它与口腔和全身疾病（包括糖尿病、心血管疾病和早产）有关。口语的盛行我们将进一步研究口腔微生物组与不同健康风险生物标志物之间的关系。社会经济地位和种族/民族，包括炎症（C 反应蛋白）、糖尿病和糖尿病前期（空腹血糖和 HbA1C%）。通过开发公开的项目，在这一新兴领域进行跨学科研究 为人口健康研究人员提供可用的基于网络的界面和工具包，可以轻松地将微生物组数据纳入他们的分析中，了解口腔微生物组的社会和生命历程决定因素，有可能基于环境改造和微生物生态控制制定新的预防策略。以减少健康差距。