A Community-Based Evaluation of Interventions for Orphans and Vulnerable Children

对孤儿和弱势儿童干预措施的社区评估

基本信息

批准号：
9119082
负责人：
ELENA L GRIGORENKO
金额：
$ 52.39万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-08-01 至 2020-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9119082
关键词：
AIDS prevention AIDS/HIV problem Academic achievement Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Address Administrator Adult Adverse effects Affect Africa Africa South of the Sahara Age Area Award Behavioral Brain Caregivers Caring Catchment Area Characteristics Child Child Care Child Development Child Support Church Cognitive Collaborations Communication Communities Computers Country Data Data Base Management Development Educational workshop Effectiveness Electronic Mail Ensure Epidemic Evaluation Research Foundations Funding Future HIV HIV Infections Health Health Services Accessibility Home environment Hospitals Household Human Resources Individual Infection Institution Intervention Lead Learning Life Living Arrangement Location Longitudinal Studies Methods Mission Orphan Outcome Outcome Study Parents Patients Personal Satisfaction Population Prevalence Primary Schools Program Evaluation Province Public Health Questionnaires Radial Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Rural Rural Community Sampling Scholarship School Enrollments School-Age Population Schools Services Support System Surveys Sustainable Development System Time Training Translating Trust Visit Word Processing Work Zambia base child protection cognitive ability cognitive development cognitive testing community based evaluation design follow-up girls health care service informant learning outcome low and middle-income countries pandemic disease programs rural area skills social symposium tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sub-Saharan Africa is characterized by high absolute rates of HIV/AIDS infection and high rates of new infections. There are approximately 16.6 million AIDS orphans (children who have lost one or both parents to HIV/AIDS), 14.8 million of whom live in sub-Saharan Africa1. These orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) are the focus of the proposed work. Specifically, we intend to work in Zambia, a sub-Saharan country with high rates of infection and as many as 600,000 children orphaned by HIV/AIDS and another 150,000 (ages 0-14) living with HIV/AIDS. Rather than focusing on specific OVC interventions, we will focus on all interventions administered within a 25km radius of a well-established regional hospital, Macha Mission Hospital (MMH), to assess their effects on the OVC in the area. We will do this in two steps. First, we will construct a representative sample of ~1,000 OVC, ages 7-17, and characterize them using an array of well-defined indicators that focus on their health, well-being, and cognitive, academic, and adaptive functioning. This characterization will be longitudinal, with at least 3 time points for each individual. Second, we will identify and characterize all interventions that are delivered to these OVC, first via information from the OVC themselves and their caregivers, then by surveying the providing organizations. Using a mixed-method design, we will assemble qualitative and quantitative evidence, describing key components of the existing programs to differentiate, at least preliminarily, the effectiveness of the present interventions. We hypothesize that interventions with a strong component aimed at safeguarding OVC access to continuous schooling of adequate quality will stand out as most promising with respect to ensuring OVC's developmental potential.

描述（由申请人提供）：撒哈拉以南非洲地区的特点是艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染绝对率和新增感染率高，大约有 1,660 万艾滋病孤儿（因艾滋病毒/艾滋病而失去父母之一或双亲的儿童）。其中 1,480 万人生活在撒哈拉以南非洲1。这些孤儿和弱势儿童 (OVC) 是拟议工作的重点。具体来说，我们打算在撒哈拉以南非洲的赞比亚开展工作。该国感染率很高，有多达 600,000 名艾滋病毒/艾滋病孤儿和另外 150,000 名艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者（0-14 岁）感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病，我们将重点关注 25 公里范围内实施的所有干预措施，而不是专注于特定的 OVC 干预措施。我们将分两步进行评估：首先，我们将构建一个代表性样本。约 1,000 名 7-17 岁的 OVC，并使用一系列明确的指标来描述他们的特征，这些指标关注他们的健康、福祉、认知、学业和适应功能。这种特征描述将是纵向的，至少有 3 个指标。其次，我们将确定每个人的时间点。首先通过来自 OVC 本身及其护理人员的信息来描述向这些 OVC 提供的所有干预措施的特征，然后通过使用混合方法设计对提供组织进行调查，我们将收集定性和定量证据，描述现有计划的关键组成部分。为了区分（至少是初步地）现有干预措施的有效性，我们认为，旨在保障孤儿和弱势群体获得足够质量的继续教育机会的干预措施将在确保孤儿和弱势群体的发展潜力方面脱颖而出。