Characterization of neural and perceptual deficits in amblyopic nonhuman primates

弱视非人灵长类动物神经和知觉缺陷的表征

• 批准号: 9123069
• 负责人: Brittany Bushnell
• 金额: $ 3.29万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2019-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9123069
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Amblyopia; Animal Model; Animals; Behavior; Behavioral; Cells; Characteristics; Child; Contrast Sensitivity; Control Animal; Cues; Data; Depth Perception; Detection; Development; Diagnostic; Discrimination; Disease; Exhibits; Eye; Form Perception; Frequencies; Measurement; Measures; Motion; Nature; Neurons; Perception; Performance; Physiological; Physiology; Process; Property; Psychophysics; Publishing; Reporting; Series; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Space Perception; Stimulus; Stream; Testing; V4 neuron; Vision; Vision Disorders; Visual; Visual system structure; area V4; base; behavior measurement; critical period; developmental disease; extrastriate visual cortex; neuromechanism; nonhuman primate; object recognition; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory stimulus; stem; vision development

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Amblyopia is a developmental visual disorder due to abnormal binocular input during an early critical period. It is characterized by "low level" deficis in acuity, contrast sensitivity, orientation discrimination, as well higher- level deficits in formand motion processing. Abnormalities have been found in V1 and V2, but fail to account for perceptual deficits implying further deficits must downstream. Our central hypothesis is that amblyopia stems from small deficits in early visual areas that are magnified downstream due to abnormal signal integration. To test this hypothesis, we will perform a series of behavior and physiology experiments to test both low and high level amblyopic deficits. We predict that amblyopic animals will be impaired on behavior tasks that require discrimination between global form stimuli. Neural responses to "low-level" grating stimuli will show deficits more severe than what has been reported in V1 and V2, more similar to perceptual deficits. Responses to "high-level" stimuli will exhibit shape selectivity, but to a more broad degree for amblyopic animals compared to visually normal controls. These experiments are critical to the overall understanding of the neural basis of amblyopia.

 描述（由申请人提供）：弱视是一种由于早期关键期双眼输入异常而导致的发育性视觉障碍，其特征是敏锐度、对比敏感度、方向辨别力的“低水平”缺陷，以及视力和视力的较高水平缺陷。 V1 和 V2 中发现了运动处理异常，但未能解释知觉缺陷，这意味着进一步的缺陷必须存在于下游。为了检验这一假设，我们将进行一系列行为和生理学实验来测试低水平和高水平的弱视缺陷。我们预测弱视动物在行为任务上会受到损害。需要区分全局形式刺激的神经对“低水平”光栅刺激的反应将显示出比 V1 和 V2 中报告的更严重的缺陷，更类似于对“高水平”刺激的感知反应。将表现出形状选择性，但与视觉正常对照相比，弱视动物的形状选择性更广泛，这些实验对于全面了解弱视的神经基础至关重要。