Modeling shoe-floor interface properties to predict slips and falls

对鞋-地板界面特性进行建模以预测滑倒和跌倒

• 批准号: 7785021
• 负责人: MARK S REDFERN
• 金额: $ 31.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7785021
• 关键词: Modeling; shoe; floor; interface; properties

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Slip and falls continue to be one of the leading causes of work-related injuries. The reduction of these injuries is dependent upon improved identification of slippery conditions and the design of proper shoes and floors for various environments. The long-term goal of this research project is to reduce injuries due to slips and falls in the workplace through the development of a computational model that predicts the coefficient of friction (COF) of the shoe-floor-contaminant interface. The model will be based upon: 1) micro-level properties of the shoe-floor-contaminant interface (material and surface characteristics along with lubrication properties), and 2) macro- level designs of the shoe (i.e. tread and shape) and floor. The micro-level model will include measurements of properties of shoes, floors and contaminants that will be combined in a computational model based upon fundamental tribological relationships. The macro-level model will incorporate the micro-level model into a finite element representation of the shoe-floor interface. Micro-level model predictions will be compared to current tribological COF testing and macro-level model predictions will be compared to currently used shoe-floor interface slip resistance testing devices. The model predictions will also be compared to actual human slips and falls during gait to determine the efficacy in predicting slips and/or falls. If successful, this model will be able to be used in the evaluation and, more importantly, the design of shoes and floors for various environments. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Slip and falls continue to be one of the leading causes of work-related injuries. The long-term goal of this research is to reduce injuries due to slips and falls in the workplace. The objective is to develop a computational model of friction that will relate directly to slip based upon: 1) micro- level properties of the shoe-floor-contaminant interface, and 2) macro-level designs of the shoe and floor. The micro-level model will be validated using tribological COF testing. The macro- level model will be compared to slip resistance testers, including a new robotic-based High Payload Precision Slipmeter (HPPS) developed by the investigators. The macro-level model outputs will also be compared to actual human slips and falls during gait to determine the efficacy in predicting slips and/or falls. Thus, the three specific aims are: 1) Develop and validate a micro-level tribological model of the shoe-floor-contaminant interface based upon material properties, surface microstructure and contaminant characteristics. 2) Develop a macro-level model of the shoe-floor-contaminant interface that incorporates the micro-level model and macro-level shape and asperities (i.e. tread). 3) Conduct human slipping experiments to validate the macro-model with actual slip/fall events. If successful, this model will be able to be used in the evaluation and, more importantly, the design of shoes and floors for various environments.

描述（由申请人提供）：滑倒和跌倒仍然是工伤的主要原因之一。这些伤害的减少取决于对湿滑条件的更好识别以及针对各种环境的合适鞋子和地板的设计。该研究项目的长期目标是通过开发预测鞋-地板-污染物界面的摩擦系数 (COF) 的计算模型来减少工作场所因滑倒和跌倒造成的伤害。该模型将基于：1) 鞋-地板-污染物界面的微观特性（材料和表面特性以及润滑特性），以及 2) 鞋的宏观设计（即胎面和形状）和地板。微观模型将包括鞋子、地板和污染物特性的测量，这些特性将结合在基于基本摩擦学关系的计算模型中。宏观模型将微观模型合并到鞋-地板界面的有限元表示中。微观模型预测将与当前的摩擦摩擦系数测试进行比较，宏观模型预测将与当前使用的鞋-地板界面防滑测试设备进行比较。模型预测还将与实际人类在步态中滑倒和跌倒进行比较，以确定预测滑倒和/或跌倒的有效性。如果成功，该模型将能够用于评估，更重要的是用于各种环境的鞋子和地板的设计。 公共卫生相关性：滑倒和跌倒仍然是工伤的主要原因之一。这项研究的长期目标是减少工作场所滑倒和跌倒造成的伤害。目标是开发一种与滑动直接相关的摩擦计算模型，该模型基于：1) 鞋-地板-污染物界面的微观特性，以及 2) 鞋和地板的宏观设计。微观模型将使用摩擦学 COF 测试进行验证。宏观模型将与防滑测试仪进行比较，包括研究人员开发的新型基于机器人的高有效负载精密滑移仪（HPPS）。宏观模型输出还将与实际人类在步态中滑倒和跌倒进行比较，以确定预测滑倒和/或跌倒的有效性。因此，三个具体目标是： 1) 基于材料特性、表面微观结构和污染物特征，开发并验证鞋-地板-污染物界面的微观摩擦学模型。 2) 开发鞋-地板-污染物界面的宏观模型，该模型结合了微观模型和宏观形状和粗糙度（即胎面）。 3）进行人体滑倒实验，以实际滑倒/跌倒事件验证宏观模型。如果成功，该模型将能够用于评估，更重要的是用于各种环境的鞋子和地板的设计。