Toward an Animal Model of Freely Moving Human

建立自由移动的人类动物模型

• 批准号: 7841512
• 负责人: Krishna V Shenoy
• 金额: $ 83.15万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7841512
• 关键词: Address; Animal Model; Behavioral; Computers; Electrical Engineering; Eye; Head; Human; Investigation; Living Wills; Monitor; Monkeys; Motor Activity; Motor Cortex; Movement; Neurosciences; Performance; Posture; Prosthesis; Quality of life; Research; System; Technology; Training; Upper arm; Wireless Technology; abstracting; design; improved; motor control; neural prosthesis; neurophysiology; neuroregulation; patient population; relating to nervous system; research study; sound

DESCRIPTION Abstract I have trained as an electrical engineer and as a systems neurobiologist. Over the past ten years I have investigated how motor cortices guide arm movements and how this neural activity can be used to control prosthetic arms and computer cursors. I now recognize that a major new research direction is imperative if we are to truly understand the neural control of movement in the "real-world" and design neural prostheses for large numbers of people. The fundamental assumption which I call into question, and aim to address, is that cortical-motor activity is the same across behavioral contexts, contexts as different as sitting quietly in a dark room without moving ones eyes or head (conventional experimental setting) and actively moving around in a large space with lights, sounds and body posture constantly varying (the proposed "real world" setting). We must begin conducting electrophysiological experiments in monkeys able to freely move around in large spaces, which will serve as an animal model for freely moving humans. This is a dramatically new and different direction, which is only now plausible due to tremendous advances in microelectronics technology and the major new technological and experimental paradigms proposed here. I proposed to build a new suite of recording, wireless telemetery and behavioral monitoring technology to enable this new brand of basic and applied neuroscience investigation. We will also conduct a definitive set of neurophysiological and neural prosthetic experiments, to highlight the power and broad applicability of this new paradigm in addition to documenting initial, and likely highly surprising, discoveries. If successful, I anticipate this new experimental paradigm and results to greatly change basic neuroscience investigations of motor control, applied neuroscience/neuroengineering aimed at designing robust and high-performance neural prostheses, and large patient populations whose quality of life will be dramatically improved

描述 抽象的 我接受过电气工程师和系统神经生物学家的培训。在过去的十年里，我研究了运动皮层如何引导手臂运动，以及如何利用这种神经活动来控制假肢和计算机光标。我现在认识到，如果我们要真正理解“现实世界”中运动的神经控制并为大量的人设计神经假体，那么一个重要的新研究方向势在必行。我提出质疑并旨在解决的基本假设是，皮质运动活动在不同的行为背景下都是相同的，这些背景就像静静地坐在黑暗的房间里不移动眼睛或头部（传统的实验环境）和积极地活动一样不同。在灯光、声音和身体姿势不断变化的大空间中移动（建议的“现实世界”设置）。我们必须开始在能够在大空间中自由活动的猴子身上进行电生理学实验，这将作为人类自由活动的动物模型。这是一个全新且不同的方向，由于微电子技术的巨大进步以及这里提出的主要新技术和实验范式，现在才显得合理。我提议建立一套新的记录、无线遥测和行为监测技术，以实现这一新品牌的基础和应用神经科学研究。除了记录最初的、可能非常令人惊讶的发现之外，我们还将进行一套明确的神经生理学和神经修复实验，以强调这种新范式的力量和广泛的适用性。如果成功，我预计这种新的实验范式和结果将极大地改变运动控制的基础神经科学研究、旨在设计坚固且高性能神经假体的应用神经科学/神经工程，以及大量患者群体的生活质量将得到显着改善