Examining Individuals' Exposure to Alcohol Environments Using Novel Responsive Buffers

使用新型响应缓冲器检查个人对酒精环境的暴露情况

• 批准号: 10752468
• 负责人: Christina Arezou Mehranbod
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10752468
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Advocacy; Advocate; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholic Beverages; Alcohols; Area; Buffers; Censuses; Characteristics; Chronic; Consensus; Consumption; Country; Data; Economics; Effectiveness; Environment; Failure; Fellowship; Funding; Health; Healthcare; Individual; Injury; International Agencies; Intervention; Licensing; Liver diseases; Location; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Mentorship; Methodology; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Modification; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Nature; Neighborhoods; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Policies; Population; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Productivity; Public Health; Publications; Publishing; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Technics; Restaurants; Risk Factors; Science; Training; Translating; Translations; Travel; Uncertainty; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Update; Violence; Work; Workplace; alcohol availability; alcohol effect; alcohol epidemiology; alcohol exposure; alcohol measurement; alcohol misuse; alcohol outlet density; alcohol prevention; alcohol research; cost; density; distilled alcoholic beverage; doctoral student; drinking; evidence base; experience; improved; innovation; novel; population health; preventable death; research and development; research study; residence; spatial epidemiology; structured data; systematic review; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol use and misuse is a leading cause of preventable death in the United States (US). Decades of research have identified individual-level and environmental characteristics that are associated with alcohol use and thus can be modified to reduce population alcohol consumption. Alcohol outlet density is one such environmental characteristic that has been a focus of substantial research in the US and around the world. While many agencies and organizations have used this research to promote policy advocating for modifications in alcohol outlet density, such as through changes in licensing and zoning, the science is far from settled. The findings of the relationship between outlet density and alcohol consumption are contradictory when examining individual-level and ecological level studies and the effect of every additional alcohol outlet on alcohol consumption also remains unclear. The lack of consensus on the true relationship between alcohol outlet density and alcohol consumption points to the need for rigorous individual-level studies that incorporate characteristics that impact an individual’s decision to travel to an alcohol outlet and the multiscale nature of alcohol consumption with risk factors lying on multiple levels. The objective of this study is to create a new measurement of the alcohol environment — a responsive buffer — that incorporates the decades of research identifying characteristics that impact alcohol use. The specific aims of this study are to (1) conduct an updated systematic review of research studying the impact of alcohol outlet density on alcohol consumption or related harm published from November 2014 to November 2023 to synthesize the findings of ecological and individual-level studies, alcohol outlet density measurements, methodological advances, scientific rigor, and methodological limitations, (2) compare the distance individuals travel to alcohol outlets using GPS travel data and use this information to develop responsive buffers for assessing exposure to alcohol outlets, and (3) characterize associations between alcohol outlet density of responsive buffers with individual-level alcohol consumption (i.e., number of drinking days, quantity consumed) and compare effect sizes to commonly used measurements of alcohol outlet density (e.g., census tracts, ZIP codes, 400 m buffer around residence). The proposed aims and training plan build upon my experience in alcohol research supplemented by focused training in alcohol epidemiology, spatial epidemiology and neighborhood research techniques for mobility studies and momentary assessments of exposure and analyses of hierarchically structured data. This research and development of a new method has important implications for environmental prevention efforts aimed to improve population health by decreasing alcohol consumption. By creating an innovative measurement of the alcohol environment, this research will improve the translation of evidence-based research to alcohol prevention policy and promote the NIAAA’s mission to inform regulatory efforts and policy that create environments for healthy lives and well-being for all.

项目概要/摘要 数十年的研究表明，饮酒和滥用酒精是美国可预防死亡的主要原因。 已经确定了与饮酒相关的个人水平和环境特征，因此 可以改变酒精出口密度以减少人口的饮酒量就是这样的环境之一。 这一特征一直是美国和世界各地许多机构大量研究的焦点。 各组织利用这项研究来推动倡导改变酒精出口的政策 密度，例如通过许可和分区的变化，科学还远没有解决。 在考察个体水平时，出口密度与饮酒量之间的关系是矛盾的 和生态水平研究以及每个额外的酒精出口对酒精消费的影响也仍然存在 对于酒精出口密度和酒精消费之间的真实关系缺乏共识。 指出需要进行严格的个人层面的研究，其中纳入影响个人的特征 前往酒精商店的决定以及酒精消费的多尺度性质以及风险因素 这项研究的目的是创建一种新的酒精环境测量方法——a 响应缓冲器——融合了数十年的研究成果，确定了影响酒精的特征 本研究的具体目的是（1）对研究进行更新的系统回顾。 2014 年 11 月至 2014 年 11 月期间发布的酒精出口密度对酒精消费或相关危害的影响 2023 年 11 月综合生态和个体层面的研究结果，酒精出口密度 测量、方法的进步、科学严谨性和方法的局限性，(2) 比较距离 个人使用 GPS 旅行数据前往酒精商店，并使用此信息开发响应缓冲区 用于评估酒精出口的暴露情况，以及（3）表征酒精出口密度之间的关联 个人饮酒量的响应缓冲（即饮酒天数、饮酒量） 并将效应大小与常用的酒精出口密度测量值（例如人口普查区、邮政编码、 住所周围 400 m 的缓冲区）。拟议的目标和培训计划以我在酒精研究方面的经验为基础。 辅以酒精流行病学、空间流行病学和邻里研究方面的重点培训 流动性研究和暴露的瞬时评估以及分层结构分析的技术 这项新方法的研究和开发对于环境预防具有重要意义。 旨在通过减少酒精消费来改善人口健康。 测量酒精环境，这项研究将改进循证研究的转化 预防酒精政策并促进 NIAAA 的使命，即为监管工作和政策提供信息，从而创造 为所有人创造健康生活和福祉的环境。