Internal Sources of Minority Stress and Alcohol Consumption

少数群体压力和饮酒的内部根源

• 批准号: 10742318
• 负责人: Amelia E. Talley
• 金额: $ 39.79万
• 依托单位: TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-02 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10742318
• 关键词: Adult; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholic Beverages; Area; Baseline Surveys; Behavior; Belief; Beverages; Biology; Bisexual; Blood Pressure; Books; Communities; Consumption; Dependence; Development; Disparity; Distress; Drug abuse; Enrollment; Ethanol; Expectancy; Experimental Designs; Exposure to; Feeling; Female; Funding; Gays; Gender Identity; Goals; Health; Heart Rate; Heavy Drinking; Hormones; Hydrocortisone; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Intoxication; Knowledge; Lesbian; Link; Measures; Methods; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Participant; Persons; Physiological; Placebos; Positioning Attribute; Process; Psychological Stress; Randomized; Reaction; Reporting; Research; Risk; Role; Salivary; Scientist; Sex Differences; Sex Orientation; Sexuality; Shapes; Source; Speech; Stress; Taste Perception; Testing; Uncertainty; Underrepresented Populations; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; Work; addiction; alcohol cue; alcohol effect; alcohol expectancy; alcohol research; alcohol response; alpha-amylase; biological adaptation to stress; biological sex; breath alcohol measurement; cisgender; clinically relevant; design; drinking; drinking behavior; emerging adult; experimental study; gender difference; health disparity; high risk; improved; interest; laboratory experiment; male; marginalized community; minority stress; minority stressor; movie; peer; pharmacologic; psychologic; psychological distress; recruit; response; sex; sexual identity; sexual minority community; sexual minority group; sexual role; social stigma; social stressor; stress reactivity; stressor; theories

7. Project Summary/Abstract Consistent with NIAAA’s expressed goal to understand sex differences in risk of problem alcohol use and target mechanisms that contribute to known disparities within high-risk communities, the current proposal seeks to examine the role of internal sources of minority stress (i.e., stress unique to those from marginalized communities) in potentiating heavy alcohol use, particularly among female and male bisexual/bi+ individuals. Prior work has focused almost exclusively on sources of minority stress among those who already identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual. The proposed project seeks to examine physiological and psychological mechanisms that account for consumption among adults who report uncertainty about their sexual orientation, or sexual identity uncertainty (SIU). Uncertainty-identity theory suggests that when someone feels uncertain about a core aspect of their identity, they are motivated to reduce resulting psychological distress, which can account for increased alcohol consumption. No study, to date, has used an experimental design to examine physiological stress responses to ethanol consumption following exposure to internal sources of minority stress. The proposed work will test for differences in consumption and alleviation of distress based, in part, on participants’ physiological stress responses and the pharmacological effects of ethanol. This application proposes to recruit 200 cisgender participants with varying levels of SIU and uses a 3 x 2 x 5 mixed-factorial design. Participants will be randomly assigned to give one of three speeches, as part of an adapted Trier Social Stressor Test (TSST): (a) Relevant Proximal Stressor-TSST: development of their sexuality, including any feelings of uncertainty; (b) Irrelevant Proximal Stressor-TSST: development of their gender identity, including any feelings of uncertainty; or (c) Control-TSST: a recent book, movie, or TV show. Participants will then engage in a 35- minute ad libitum taste-test (ethanol, placebo). Project design includes: (a) a baseline survey and (b) experimental lab session that measures (i) alcohol consumption and 5 assessments of: (ii) breath alcohol concentration, (iii) salivary stress hormones, (iv) heart rate, (v) blood pressure, (vi) psychological distress, and (vii) perceived intoxication. Participants’ SIU and biological sex will alter the effect of condition on consumption. Indirect effects are expected, such that exposure to relevant internal sources of minority stress is expected to increase stress responses, which will account for drinking amount among those with higher SIU. We will also determine the extent to which physiological stress-dampening effects and perceived intoxication account for reductions in distress following drinking, depending on participant sex, whether beverages contain ethanol (or not), and positive beliefs about alcohol’s effects. Results will inform interventions that target physiological and psychological processes, especially those reinforcing use following exposure to internalized minority stressors.

7. 项目总结/摘要 与 NIAAA 明确的了解酒精使用问题风险的性别差异的目标一致， 导致高风险社区内已知差异的目标机制，当前提案 旨在研究少数群体压力的内部来源（即来自边缘化群体的压力）的作用。 社区）会加剧酗酒，特别是在女性和男性双性恋/双性恋者中。 之前的工作几乎完全集中在那些已经被认定为少数群体的人中的少数压力来源。 拟议的项目旨在研究女同性恋、男同性恋或双性恋的生理和心理机制。 解释了对自己的性取向或性行为不确定的成年人的消费情况 身份不确定性（SIU） 不确定性身份理论表明，当某人对核心感到不确定时。 从他们的身份方面来看，他们有动力减少由此产生的心理困扰，这可以解释 迄今为止，还没有研究使用实验设计来检查生理学。 暴露于少数群体压力的内部来源后对乙醇消耗的压力反应。 拟议的工作将测试消费和缓解痛苦的差异，部分基于参与者的 生理应激反应和乙醇的药理作用本申请建议招募。 200 名具有不同 SIU 水平的顺性别参与者，采用 3 x 2 x 5 混合因子设计。 将被随机分配进行三场演讲中的一场，作为改编的特里尔社会压力测试的一部分 (TSST)：(a) 相关近端压力源-TSST：性行为的发展，包括任何感觉 (b) 不相关的近端压力源-TSST：性别认同的发展，包括任何感受 不确定性；或 (c) Control-TSST：参与者将参与最近的一本书、电影或电视节目。 分钟随意品尝测试（乙醇、安慰剂） 项目设计包括：(a) 基线调查和 (b)。 实验实验室课程，测量 (i) 酒精消耗量和 5 项评估：(ii) 呼吸酒精 浓度，(iii) 唾液应激激素，(iv) 心率，(v) 血压，(vi) 心理困扰，以及 (vii) 参与者的 SIU 和生理性别会改变状况对消费的影响。 预期会产生间接影响，例如接触少数群体压力的相关内部来源预计会产生间接影响。 增加压力反应，这将导致 SIU 较高的人饮酒量增加。 确定生理压力抑制效应和感知中毒的影响程度 饮酒后痛苦的减少，取决于参与者的性别、饮料是否含有乙醇（或 结果将为针对生理和心理的干预措施提供信息 心理过程，尤其是那些在暴露于内在的少数压力源后强化使用的心理过程。