Developing and testing a mobile health intervention to promote sun protection behaviors and skin examination among Hispanics

开发和测试移动健康干预措施，以促进西班牙裔人的防晒行为和皮肤检查

• 批准号: 10610451
• 负责人: Zhaomeng Niu
• 金额: $ 12.52万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-15 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10610451
• 关键词: Acculturation; Address; Adolescent; Awareness; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Benefits and Risks; Cancer Intervention; Cellular Phone; Child; Communities; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Early Diagnosis; Ethnic Population; Focus Groups; Foundations; Funding; Future; Genomics; Grant; Health; Health Personnel; Health behavior; Hispanic; Hispanic Populations; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Malignant Neoplasms; Mentors; Multimedia; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Not Hispanic or Latino; Occupational; Occupational Exposure; Occupations; Outcome; Participant; Perception; Persons; Phase; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Populations at Risk; Preparation; Preventive; Process; Protocols documentation; Randomized, Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Risk Reduction Behavior; Sampling; Self-Examination; Services; Skin; Skin Cancer; Suggestion; Sum; Sunscreening Agents; Surveys; Survival Rate; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Training; Treatment Efficacy; UV Radiation Exposure; Ultraviolet Rays; Underserved Population; United States; Woman; acceptability and feasibility; anticancer research; arm; career; cost; cost effective; digital intervention; digital technology; efficacy evaluation; evidence base; experience; follow-up; health disparity; hispanic community; improved; improved outcome; industry involvement; information gathering; innovation; intervention effect; intervention refinement; mHealth; melanoma; member; mortality; nutrition; patient engagement; pilot test; post intervention; prevent; programs; public health intervention; racial population; retention rate; satisfaction; scale up; skin cancer prevention; social culture; sun protection; sun safety; theories; therapy development; tumor; web-based intervention

ABSTRACT Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States (US). Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. In the past two decades, melanoma incidence among Hispanics has risen by 20%. The mortality rate of Hispanics is higher compared to Non-Hispanic whites (NHW). In general, compared to NHW, Hispanics diagnosed with melanoma are younger, have thicker tumors, and have worse survival rates. Skin cancer can be prevented with regular sun protection, and early detection can improve skin cancer outcomes. The Hispanic population is the fastest growing ethnic group in the US. Alarmingly, Hispanics are less aware of the symptoms and harms of skin cancers, tend to have misperceptions regarding the risks and benefits of skin cancer prevention behaviors, engage in less sun protection behaviors than NHW, and only 18% of them reported ever having done a skin self-examination. In addition, due to the increase of acculturation of Hispanics in the US, their sun-safety behaviors are poorer than non-US Hispanics. Occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a risk factor for skin cancer, and Hispanic individuals are over-represented in a number of outdoor occupations. Approximately 21% of the 2018 US Hispanic workforce were employed in industries that involved significant amounts of occupational UVR exposure such as construction. Therefore, an increasing effort to raise awareness regarding sun protection and skin self-examination behaviors is needed to address the existing gap of skin cancer research among Hispanics. This research project seeks to develop a mobile-based and user-centered intervention to promote sun protection and skin self-examination among a diverse sample of Hispanics using an iterative approach to capture relevant contextual issues and evaluate the preliminary effects of the intervention. During the K99 phase, I will: 1) collect, analyze, and triangulate data from the Hispanic community and other stakeholders (e.g., health care providers and community leaders) for skin cancer digital intervention development; and 2) through a user- centered approach, develop an innovative WhatsApp intervention to promote skin cancer-related health behaviors among Hispanics to improve participants’ engagement in the intervention. During the R00 phase, I will: 3) evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of this mobile intervention in a pre-, post-test study among Hispanics at risk for skin cancer; and 4) refine the intervention and conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial using this mobile service among Hispanics at risk for skin cancers and assess the preliminary effects of the mobile intervention at post-intervention and 6-month follow-up. The intervention has strong potential for cost- effective, widespread dissemination and targets an understudied group at-risk for future cancer development. The training experiences and mentoring obtained during this K99/R00 project are critical foundations for a successful independent cancer research career.

抽象的 皮肤癌是美国最常见的癌症，黑色素瘤是最致命的皮肤癌。 在过去的二十年里，西班牙裔的黑色素瘤发病率上升了20%。 与非西班牙裔白人 (NHW) 相比，总体而言，与 NHW 相比，西班牙裔美国人被诊断患有此类疾病。 黑色素瘤较年轻，肿瘤较厚，并且存活率较低，可以通过以下方法预防皮肤癌。 定期防晒和早期发现可以改善皮肤癌的结果。 拉美裔人口是美国增长最快的族裔群体，但令人担忧的是，拉美裔人对此的认识却较低。 了解皮肤癌的症状和危害，往往对皮肤癌的风险和益处有误解 防癌行为、防晒行为比 NHW 少，只有 18% 的人报告 曾经做过皮肤自我检查 另外，由于美国西班牙裔文化的增加， 他们的阳光安全行为比非美国西班牙裔的职业暴露于紫外线辐射要差。 （UVR）是皮肤癌的一个危险因素，西班牙裔人在许多户外活动中所占比例过高 2018 年，大约 21% 的美国拉美裔劳动力受雇于涉及相关行业的行业。 大量的职业性 UVR 暴露，例如建筑业，因此，人们越来越努力地提高紫外线辐射。 需要提高有关防晒和皮肤自我检查行为的意识，以解决现有的差距 西班牙裔皮肤癌研究。 该研究项目旨在开发一种基于移动设备和以用户为中心的干预措施，以促进阳光 使用迭代方法捕获不同西班牙裔样本的保护和皮肤自我检查 相关背景问题并评估干预的初步效果 在 K99 阶段，我将： 1) 收集、分析和三角测量来自西班牙裔社区和其他利益相关者（例如医疗保健 提供者和社区领导者）进行皮肤癌数字干预开发；2）通过用户 以中心为中心的方法，开发创新的 WhatsApp 干预措施，以促进皮肤癌相关的健康 在 R00 阶段，我通过研究西班牙裔人的行为来提高参与者的参与度。 将： 3) 在一项测试前、测试后研究中评估这种移动干预的可行性和可接受性 有皮肤癌风险的西班牙裔；4) 完善干预措施并进行试点随机对照试验 在有皮肤癌风险的西班牙裔中使用这项移动服务，并评估该服务的初步效果 干预后的移动干预和 6 个月的随访 该干预具有巨大的成本潜力。 有效、广泛传播，并针对未来癌症发展风险的未被充分研究的群体。 在这个 K99/R00 项目中获得的培训经验和指导是 K99/R00 项目的重要基础 成功的独立癌症研究生涯。