IMAGING BRAIN FUNCTION IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS WITH DIFFUSE OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY

使用漫射光学断层扫描对患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童的脑功能进行成像

• 批准号: 9018056
• 负责人: Adam Thomas Eggebrecht
• 金额: $ 14.12万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2020-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9018056
• 关键词: 3D Print; Address; Adult; Advisory Committees; Affect; Age; Age-Months; Area; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain imaging; Brain region; Child; Child Psychology; Childhood; Clinical; Cognitive Science; Communication; Complement; Control Groups; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Educational Intervention; Environment; Exhibits; Experimental Psychology; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Future; Goals; Grant; Health; Heterogeneity; Image; Individual; Infant; Institution; Intervention; Investigation; K-Series Research Career Programs; Laboratories; Language; Lead; Left; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Mental disorders; Mentors; Methods; Modality; Monitor; Motion; Motion Perception; Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; Neurobiology; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurology; Neurosciences; Optics; Outcome Measure; Patients; Pattern; Physics; Pilot Projects; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Protocols documentation; Quality of life; Radiology Specialty; Regression Analysis; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Rest; Risk; Scanning; Scholarship; School-Age Population; Scientist; Severities; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Stimulus; Structure of superior temporal sulcus; System; Toddler; Training; Universities; Washington; advanced disease; autism spectrum disorder; base; career; career development; clinical care; density; developmental psychology; diffuse optical tomography; dimensional analysis; economic cost; ergonomics; experience; high risk; imaging modality; improved; improved outcome; innovation; interest; intervention effect; loris; medical schools; motor control; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; novel; optical imaging; programs; relating to nervous system; repetitive behavior; response; sex; skills; social; technology development; visual motor

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The candidate is a committed scientist in optical radiology, who aspires to become an independent investigator focused on developing novel imaging strategies to elucidate underlying mechanisms, inform clinical interventions, and improve outcome of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Recent advances in functional brain imaging show promise that neural signatures may provide useful markers of ASD severity and may be sensitive to interventional therapy. However, current neuroimaging methods (e.g. functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI) are limited in ASD due to the constrained imaging environment. The candidate has been developing diffuse optical tomography (DOT) methods that overcome ergonomic limitations of fMRI and image brain function with a wearable cap. In Aim 1, task-based DOT methods will be established in children with ASD and age/sex/IQ- matched typically developing children (TDC) using a biological motion processing task shown to be sensitive to ASD diagnosis and social ability. In Aim 2, the proposal will employ task-free DOT methods to investigate functional brain organization of in the same subjects as Aim 1. Additionally, Aim 3 of this proposal will extend neuroimaging to three non-overlapping sub-groups of patients with ASD who have been especially challenging to study with fMRI: school-aged children that are minimally verbal, have a low full-scale IQ, or score in the severe range of social ability assessments. These studies will be innovative and significant because the comfortable scanning environment of DOT will enable brain imaging of ASD throughout an extended spectrum of patients, and will lay the groundwork for DOT neuroimaging studies on infants and toddlers at high risk for ASD. The candidate has assembled and has fully engaged a superb interdisciplinary Scholarship Advisory Committee composed of primary mentor Dr. John Constantino, and co-mentors Drs. John Pruett, Bradley Schlaggar, Lori Markson, and Joseph Culver, who are internationally-recognized funded scientists with a diverse range of expertise in ASD research and clinical care, child psychology, neurology, developmental and experimental psychology and functional brain imaging. A well-developed, formal Career Development Program builds on the candidate's extensive experience in physics, systems neuroscience, and technology development by augmenting his current skill set with detailed training in phenotypic assessment and developmental and experimental psychology as they pertain to ASD. This Career Development Award complements the training with world-class coursework in Advanced Cognitive Psychology, Neurobiology of Disease, and Advanced Functional Imaging Methods. The Institution, Washington University School of Medicine, has committed to supporting the candidate by providing the necessary laboratory space and financial resources needed to carry out the proposed research. This training grant will provide the candidate with both the basic science and clinical aspects of autism research, and the critical training period necessary to lead his own independent research effort using optical imaging to address specific questions in ASD.

 描述（由适用提供）：候选人是光学放射学领域的坚定科学家，他渴望成为一名专注于制定新型成像策略的独立研究者，以阐明基本机制，为临床干预提供了信息，并改善了自闭症谱系障碍的结果（ASD）。功能性大脑成像的最新进展表明，神经信号可能会提供ASD严重程度的有用标记，并且可能对介入疗法敏感。然而，由于成像环境的约束，当前的神经影像学方法（例如功能磁共振成像，fMRI）在ASD中受到限制。候选人一直在开发弥漫性光学断层扫描（DOT）方法，这些方法克服了fMRI和图像脑功能具有可穿戴帽的符合人体工程学的限制。在AIM 1中，将在ASD和年龄/性别/IQ匹配的儿童中建立基于任务的DOT方法，通常使用生物运动处理任务，该任务对ASD诊断和社会能力敏感。 In Aim 2, the proposal will employ task-free DOT methods to investigate functional brain organization of in the same subjects as Aim 1. Additionally, Aim 3 of this proposal will extend neuroimaging to three non-overlapping sub-groups of patients with ASD who have been especially challenging to study with fMRI: school-aged Children that are minimally verbal, have a low full-scale IQ, or score in the severe range of social ability assessments.这些研究将具有创新性和重要意义，因为DOT的舒适扫描环境将使大脑在整个患者中都可以对ASD进行大脑成像，并将为对ASD高风险的婴儿和幼儿的DOT神经影像学研究奠定基础。该候选人已经组建并完全与由小学导师约翰·康斯坦诺（John Constantino）博士和联席会员Drs组成的精湛的跨学科奖学金咨询委员会。约翰·普鲁特（John Pruett），布拉德利·施拉格加（Bradley Schlaggar），洛里·马克森（Lori Markson）和约瑟夫·卡尔弗（Joseph Culver）是国际认可的资助科学家，在ASD研究和临床护理，儿童心理学，神经病学，发展和实验心理学和功能性脑成像方面拥有众多专业知识。一项完善的正式职业发展计划基于候选人在物理，系统神经科学和技术开发方面的丰富经验，通过通过与ASD有关的表型评估以及发育和实验心理学方面的详细培训来增强他当前的技能。该职业发展奖通过了高级认知心理学，疾病神经生物学和高级功能成像方法的世界一流课程完成培训。华盛顿大学医学院该机构致力于通过提供拟议研究所需的必要的实验室空间和财务资源来支持候选人。这项培训补助金将为候选人提供自闭症研究的基础科学和临床方面，以及使用光学成像领导自己独立研究工作所必需的关键培训期，以解决ASD中的特定问题。