Rapid olfactory tools for telemedicine-friendly COVID-19 screening and surveillance

用于远程医疗友好型 COVID-19 筛查和监测的快速嗅觉工具

• 批准号: 10263657
• 负责人: Richard C Gerkin
• 金额: $ 48.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-21 至 2022-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10263657
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Administrator; Anosmia; Appalachian Region; Arizona; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 screening; COVID-19 surveillance; COVID-19 testing; Clinical; Collection; Common Cold; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Complement; Coughing; Country; Custom; Dangerousness; Data; Detection; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Differential Diagnosis; Disadvantaged; Discrimination; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Early identification; Economics; Employee; Encapsulated; Fever; Florida; Government; Health; Healthcare Systems; Heterogeneity; Hot Spot; Individual; Influenza; Infrastructure; Laboratories; Link; Logistics; Measures; Methods; Monitor; Municipalities; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Native Americans; Odors; Olfactory dysfunction; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pennsylvania; Persons; PhenX Toolkit; Play; Population; Population Surveillance; Prevalence; Procedures; Public Health; Quarantine; Questionnaires; Rapid screening; Reporting; Safety; Sampling; Screening procedure; Self Administration; Sentinel; Specificity; Symptoms; System; Telemedicine; Telephone; Testing; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Upper Respiratory Infections; Viral; Virus; Workplace; authority; base; community setting; cost; cost effective; dalton; design; hyposmia; member; novel; screening; smell test; social health determinants; tool; university student

The COVID-19 pandemic is the most devastating infectious disease outbreak in a century, particularly in underserved and minoritized communities. In 2020 alone, it will cost a million lives. It continues to wreak economic havoc worldwide. Therefore, it is critical to develop new tools that can mitigate the spread of SARS- CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Rapid screening tools can identify potentially infected individuals who can then be isolated/quarantined from the uninfected and directed towards further testing and treatment. Unfortunately, definitive viral testing for SARS-CoV-2 has proven difficult to implement in many countries, including the US, due to technical, financial and governmental hurdles to universal access and timely processing. Symptom-based screening offers a valuable, albeit imperfect, complement to viral testing that can help identify many individuals with the disease for isolation as well as treatment. A major challenge with symptomatic testing is that COVID-19 is highly protean: the heterogeneity of symptoms means no single symptom or constellation of symptoms is definitive diagnostically. Still, there is growing evidence that sudden partial or complete olfactory loss – even more than other symptoms such as fever or dry cough – is the single best predictor of COVID-19. In this proposal, we will develop and implement objective, self-administered smell tests for the purpose of identifying individuals with COVID-19 prior to, or in the absence of, viral testing, as well as for use in population-level surveillance of COVID-19 spread. Several kinds of objective tests have been used in clinical or laboratory settings to assess an individual's olfactory ability, including those that test the ability to identify or discriminate odors as well as procedures to determine the lowest concentration an individual can reliably perceive (i.e., odor detection threshold). Each approach has technical and logistical advantages and disadvantages, and each captures different aspects of olfactory dysfunction. Regarding COVID-19, it is unknown what type of measure has the highest specificity or sensitivity. In Aim 1, we will use self-administered objective testing of odor identification and odor detection threshold in SARS-CoV-2-tested individuals to determine which olfactory measure is the best predictor of COVID-19. In Aim 2, we will use objective smell testing to assess whether population monitoring of olfactory loss in university, municipal or other community settings can serve as a sentinel of COVID-19 community spread. Together, our studies will provide a rapid, remote-friendly, cost-effective, scalable, non-intrusive method to screen for COVID-19 at the individual level and to assess prevalence in communities, especially those that have been traditionally underserved by the health care system and public health infrastructure.

COVID-19 大流行是一个世纪以来最具破坏性的传染病爆发，特别是在 仅在 2020 年，服务不足和少数族裔社区就将继续造成一百万人丧生。 因此，开发能够减缓 SARS 传播的新工具至关重要。 引起 COVID-19 的病毒 CoV-2 快速筛查工具可以识别潜在的感染者。 然后可以与未感染者隔离/隔离，并进行进一步的检测和治疗。 不幸的是，事实证明，在许多国家很难实施针对 SARS-CoV-2 的明确病毒检测， 包括美国在内，由于技术、财政和政府方面的障碍，普遍接入和及时 基于症状的筛查为病毒检测提供了宝贵但不完善的补充。 帮助识别许多患有这种疾病的人进行隔离和治疗是一项重大挑战。 症状测试的特点是，COVID-19 具有高度多变性：症状的异质性意味着没有单一的症状 症状或一系列症状具有明确的诊断意义，但越来越多的证据表明，这种情况是突然发生的。 部分或完全嗅觉丧失——甚至比发烧或干咳等其他症状更严重——是唯一的症状。 在本提案中，我们将开发并实施客观的、自我管理的气味。 在进行病毒检测之前或未进行病毒检测的情况下进行检测，以识别患有 COVID-19 的个体 至于用于人口层面的 COVID-19 传播监测，已经进行了多种客观测试。 用于临床或实验室环境中评估个人的嗅觉能力，包括测试嗅觉能力 识别或辨别气味的能力以及确定最低浓度和气味的程序 个人可以可靠地感知（即气味检测阈值）。 优点和缺点，每个都捕捉嗅觉功能障碍的不同方面。 COVID-19，尚不清楚哪种类型的测量具有最高的特异性或敏感性。在目标 1 中，我们将使用。 在 SARS-CoV-2 测试中进行自我管理的气味识别和气味检测阈值客观测试 在目标 2 中，我们将使用个人来确定哪种嗅觉测量是 COVID-19 的最佳预测指标。 客观嗅觉测试，以评估大学、市政或大学中是否对嗅觉丧失进行人口监测 其他社区环境可以作为 COVID-19 社区传播的哨兵，我们的研究将共同​​进行。 提供一种快速、远程友好、经济高效、可扩展、非侵入性的方法来筛查 COVID-19 个人层面并评估社区的患病率，特别是那些传统上 医疗保健系统和公共卫生基础设施服务不足。