Undesired Pregnancies during the Transition to Adulthood

成年过渡期间的意外怀孕

• 批准号: 10575432
• 负责人: JENNIFER S. BARBER
• 金额: $ 7.93万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10575432
• 关键词: 19 year old; Adult; Affect; Age; Behavior; Birth; Black race; Books; Categories; Characteristics; Child; Clinic; Computer software; Contraception Behavior; Contraceptive Usage; Data; Data Set; Demographer; Funding; Goals; Hazard Models; Human Rights; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Licensing; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Longitudinal Surveys; Manuscripts; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Multiple Partners; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Persons; Poverty; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Rate; Public Assistance; Public Health; Race; Research; Research Design; Respondent; Risk; Role; Sampling; Series; Socioeconomic Status; Statistical Models; Structure; Subgroup; Surveys; Techniques; Time; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services; Woman; avoid pregnancy; comparison group; design; ethnoracial minority; experience; falls; health inequalities; improved; innovation; journal article; neglect; older women; post pregnancy; pregnant; prospective; reproductive; response; social; socioeconomic disadvantage; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics; theories; trait; young woman

Controlling whether and when a pregnancy occurs is a human right. Yet, despite more than 40 years of the U.S. Department Health and Human Services prioritizing the reduction of undesired pregnancies, rates remain high [49]. This is at least in part because despite a great deal of research on this topic, we still have relatively little understanding of why some women are able to get what they want in terms of pregnancy while others are not. This study takes an innovative approach to understanding this puzzle in two ways, which allow me to overcome two persistent barriers to our understanding of undesired pregnancies. First, I apply a unique and innovative theoretical framework—the Traits-Desires-Intentions-Behavior (TDIB) framework—that has been largely neglected by demographers. The TDIB has great potential to contribute to our understanding of undesired pregnancies because it was specifically designed for this purpose; it focuses on the potential mismatches between desires and intentions, and between intentions and behaviors. Second, I use a unique longitudinal, mixed-method study of 18- and 19-year-old women, the Relationship Dynamics and Social Life (RDSL) study, which includes both prospectively measured pregnancy desires and semi-structured interviews (n=75) with subsequently pregnant and non-pregnant respondents. The semi-structured interviews, particularly the non-pregnancy interviews, remain almost entirely un-analyzed, and were designed specifically to generate innovative new hypotheses and evidence about undesired pregnancies. First, we interviewed a group of 40 RDSL respondents, (distributed evenly across white/Black and poverty/non-poverty groups) who experienced pregnancies during the 2.5-year study period. (The vast majority were undesired.) Second, we interviewed a comparison group (n=32) who were similarly distributed across race and poverty groups, but who avoided pregnancy during the study period. Using a systematic anomalous case analysis strategy [75], an abductive approach to generating new hypotheses with “surprising” (i.e., in this case, unpredicted by statistical models) cases, we selected respondents with high model-based propensity for pregnancy, based on a hazard model using the 2.5 years of survey data. We distributed these interviews across three additional groups, based on survey responses: those with zero or non-zero pregnancy desire, one or multiple intimate partners, and perfect or imperfect contraceptive use. I propose to use NVivo software and qualitative analysis techniques to analyze the semi-structured interviews by comparing the pregnant and non-pregnant respondents who differ in terms of three domains: pregnancy desires, intimate relationships, and contraceptive use. I will also compare pregnant and non- pregnant respondents who match in terms of these domains, to generate and evaluate new hypotheses that do not focus on these domains. Finally, I will use these analyses to further explicate and expand the TDIB theoretical framework and disseminate it more widely to demographers.

然而，尽管美国已有 40 多年的历史，但控制是否以及何时怀孕是一项人权。 卫生与公共服务部优先考虑减少意外怀孕，但意外怀孕率仍然很高 [49]这至少部分是因为尽管对这个主题进行了大量的研究，但我们的研究仍然相对较少。 了解为什么有些女性能够在怀孕方面得到她们想要的东西，而另一些则不能。 这项研究采用了一种创新方法，以两种方式来理解这个难题，这让我能够 克服我们对意外怀孕理解的两个持续障碍：首先，我应用了一种独特的方法。 创新的理论框架——特质-欲望-意图-行为（TDIB）框架 TDIB 在很大程度上被人口统计学家忽视了。 意外怀孕，因为它是专门为此目的而设计的； 欲望与意图、意图与行为之间的不匹配 其次，我使用了独特的方法。 对 18 岁和 19 岁女性的关系动态和社交生活进行纵向、混合方法研究 (RDSL) 研究，其中包括前瞻性测量的怀孕意愿和半结构化访谈 (n=75) 以及随后的怀孕和非怀孕受访者的半结构化访谈， 特别是非怀孕访谈，几乎没有进行分析，并且是专门设计的 为了产生关于意外怀孕的创新假设和证据，我们首先采访了一位女性。 由 40 名 RDSL 受访者组成的小组（均匀分布在白人/黑人和贫困/非贫困群体中） 在 2.5 年的研究期间经历过怀孕（绝大多数是不受欢迎的。）其次，我们。 采访了一个对照组（n = 32），他们在种族和贫困群体中的分布相似，但是 在研究期间避免怀孕的人使用系统的异常病例分析策略[75]， 溯因方法产生“令人惊讶的”新假设（即，在这种情况下，统计数据无法预测） 模型）案例中，我们根据危险选择了基于模型的怀孕倾向较高的受访者 我们基于 2.5 年的调查数据将这些访谈分布到另外三个组。 调查答复：怀孕意愿为零或非零的人、一名或多名亲密伴侣，以及 完美或不完美的避孕方法的使用。 我建议使用NVivo软件和定性分析技术来分析半结构化 通过比较怀孕和非怀孕受访者的访谈，他们在三个方面存在差异： 我还将比较怀孕和非怀孕的愿望、亲密关系和避孕措施。 与这些领域相匹配的怀孕受访者，以生成和评估新的假设 最后，我将利用这些分析来进一步阐述和扩展 TDIB。 理论框架并将其更广泛地传播给人口统计学家。