Ethnicity and alcohol dependence: Phenotypes, genes, and the social environment

种族和酒精依赖：表型、基因和社会环境

基本信息

批准号：
9120729
负责人：
Karen G. Chartier
金额：
$ 10.93万
依托单位：
VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-09-10 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9120729
关键词：
18 year old Adult Adverse reactions Affect African American Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohol dependence Alcoholism Alcohols Alleles Area Behavioral Buffers Case Study Censuses Characteristics Data Development Diagnosis Disease Doctor of Philosophy Economics Education Environment Epidemiology Ethanol Metabolism Ethnic Origin Ethnic group Flushing Genes Genetic Genetic Predisposition to Disease Genetic Research Genetic Risk Goals Health High Prevalence Hispanics Income Individual Intervention Knowledge Lead Mentored Research Scientist Development Award Mentors Mentorship Methodology Minority Groups National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Neighborhoods Occupational Pattern Phenotype Physiological Policies Poverty Public Health Reaction Religion and Spirituality Research Research Ethics Residencies Risk Severities Social Environment Surveys Susceptibility Gene Symptoms Syndrome Testing Training Training Activity United States National Institutes of Health Variant Work alcohol consequences alcohol effect alcohol research base black subgroup career career development deprivation drinking ethnic difference ethnic minority population experience gene environment interaction genetics of alcoholism health disparity improved innovation neighborhood disadvantage risk variant social trait

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol health disparities research shows that, despite higher prevalence rates of alcohol dependence for whites, blacks and Hispanics experience more adverse social and health effects from drinking and greater alcohol dependence severity. The scientific understanding for how ethnic alcohol disparities develop and are sustained has lagged behind their recognition. The long-term career goal for the candidate of this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) application, Karen G. Chartier, PhD, is to better understand the interrelationships between genetic, social, and macro-environment factors that affect alcohol consequences for ethnic minority groups. The objectives for this particular application are to test the relationship of alcohol metabolizing genes to phenotypes relevant to alcohol dependence for blacks and Hispanics, and to investigate gene-environment interactions for alcohol dependence severity. These objectives will be accomplished by examining three specific aims: 1) to evaluate the effect of alcohol metabolizing alleles on alcohol dependence symptoms and adverse reactions to drinking; 2) to test social factors as moderators of genetic susceptibility for alcohol dependence severity; and 3) to examine the effects of neighborhood social factors on alcohol dependence severity and genetic susceptibility. The proposed studies will utilize previously collected data from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) and publicly available data from the U.S. Census Bureau that describe neighborhood characteristics at the census tract level. Subjects will be black, Hispanic, and white adult COGA subjects, ages 18 years and older, including those affected and unaffected by alcoholism. This research is innovative because it: examines genetic factors in understudied black and Hispanic populations; investigates relationships for alcohol metabolizing genes to more narrowly defined alcohol symptoms; and tests the relationships between the social environment and genetic susceptibility for alcohol dependence severity. The candidate will conduct the proposed research under the mentorship of Raul Caetano, MD, PhD and a team of co-mentors to gain expertise in phenotypes for alcohol dependence, genetics research with ethnic minority groups, and methodologies for examining genetic and social factors. Training activities will include coursework and mentoring in genetics and advanced statistical applications, geocoding for spatial-based data, research ethics, and grantsmanship. Ultimately, this training will prepare the candidate to integrate genetic and social variables in alcohol studies and will facilitate her contribution to health disparities research. It is anticipaed that the proposed studies will lead to advances in alcohol genetics research and further efforts to explain the differences in alcohol severity for blacks, Hispanics, and whites.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精健康差异研究表明，尽管白人的酒精依赖性较高，但黑人和西班牙裔的依赖性较高，但由于饮酒和更大的酒精依赖严重程度而导致的社会和健康影响更大。对种族酒精差异如何发展和维持的科学理解落后于他们的认可。这项指导研究科学家发展奖（K01）申请的候选人的长期职业目标，Karen G. Chartier博士，是更好地了解影响遗传，社会和宏观环境因素之间影响少数族裔酒精后果的相互关系。该特定应用的目标是测试酒精代谢基因与黑人和西班牙裔与酒精依赖相关的表型的关系，并研究酒精依赖性严重程度的基因环境相互作用。这些目标将通过检查三个具体目标来实现：1）评估酒精代谢等位基因对酒精依赖症状的影响和对饮酒的不利反应； 2）测试社会因素作为对酒精依赖严重程度遗传易感性的主持人； 3）检查邻里社会因素对酒精依赖严重程度和遗传敏感性的影响。拟议的研究将利用先前收集的关于酒精中毒遗传学（COGA）的合作研究数据以及美国人口普查局的公开数据，这些数据描述了人口普查水平上的邻里特征。受试者将是18岁及以上的黑人，西班牙裔和白人成人COGA受试者，包括受酒精中毒的影响和影响的受试者。这项研究具有创新性，因为它：研究黑人和西班牙裔人群中研究的遗传因素；研究酒精代谢基因的关系针对更狭义的酒精症状；并测试社会环境与酒精依赖严重程度的遗传敏感性之间的关系。候选人将根据医学博士Raul Caetano的指导进行拟议的研究，并由一组众多的联合委员会进行，以获得酒精依赖表型的专业知识，与少数民族群体的遗传学研究以及检查遗传和社会因素的方法论。培训活动将包括遗传学和高级统计应用的课程和指导，基于空间的数据，研究伦理和授予技巧的地理编码。最终，这项培训将使候选人在酒精研究中整合遗传和社会变量，并促进她对健康差异研究的贡献。预计拟议的研究将导致酒精遗传学研究的进步，并进一步努力解释黑人，西班牙裔和白人酒精严重程度的差异。