Application of Health Behavior Models to Predict Hearing Healthcare Outcomes

应用健康行为模型预测听力保健结果

• 批准号: 8803071
• 负责人: Gabrielle Helena Saunders
• 金额: $ 31.17万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-01 至 2019-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8803071
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age; Attitude; Audiology; Auditory; Awareness; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Belief; Chronic; Clinic; Clinical; Communication; Communities; Contraceptive methods; Counseling; Data; Detection; Development; Education; Emotional; Enrollment; Foundations; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Health behavior change; Healthcare; Hearing; Hearing problem; Impaired cognition; Income; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Learning; Life Style; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; National Cancer Institute; Outcome; Participant; Persons; Physical activity; Planning Theory; Play; Psychosocial Factor; Psychosocial Influences; Questionnaires; Readiness; Recommendation; Recruitment Activity; Rehabilitation therapy; Resistance; Role; Severities; Social isolation; Speech; Structure; auditory rehabilitation; base; behavior change; behavioral construct; cognitive function; evidence base; health belief; health literacy; hearing impairment; hearing screening; help-seeking behavior; improved; programs; psychologic; public health relevance; theories; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Eighty percent of hearing-impaired adults fail to treat their hearing loss in the initial 5-10 years after its detection, despite the many negative consequences of not doing so. This is not unique to audiology - similar data exist for many other chronic health conditions. Further, the factors that influence hearing health care (HHC) behaviors are similar to those that affect health behaviors for other chronic conditions. It is thu appropriate to examine HHC behaviors within the framework of health behavior theory. In this investigation three established health behavior theories will be used to identify the critical attitudes and beliefs underlying HHC behaviors, so that in the future theory-based behavior change interventions can be developed. This approach is promising because while some variables that influence HHC behaviors cannot be changed (e.g. severity of hearing loss, age, income level), it is possible to modify attitudes and beliefs through education and counseling. This study will therefore provide the foundation for the development of theory-based education and counseling behavior change interventions to increase HHC behaviors among adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss. This study will (1) Determine which HHC attitudes and beliefs best explain the HHC behaviors of help seeking and intervention uptake in adults with hearing loss. (2) Determine whether attitudes and beliefs underlying help seeking differ from those underlying intervention uptake. (3) Determine whether short form health behavior assessments that would be practical for use in the clinic are as effective at predicting HHC behaviors as long form assessments that will provide the necessary detail for developing an education and counseling behavior change program. A mixed methods longitudinal study will be conducted in which HHC attitudes and beliefs will be evaluated using long form and short form health behavior assessments that measure constructs of the Transtheoretical Model, Health Belief Model and Theory of Planned Behavior. Participants will be 587 individuals who fail a community-based hearing screening. They will be contacted at 6-monthly intervals to determine whether they have sought help, and if so, whether they have followed the audiologist's recommendations regarding rehabilitation. Health behavior assessments will be completed at the start and end of the study. Additional explanatory variables (measured and self-rated hearing, health literacy, general health, and auditory lifestyle) will also be examined, and participants will take part in a structured interview so we can learn about interpersonal and psychosocial influences on HHC behaviors. This study will be the first to prospectively examine HHC behaviors within the framework of multiple health behavior theories. By understanding the underpinnings of HHC behaviors, behavior change strategies can be developed that will increase help seeking and intervention uptake by people with hearing loss thus, improving speech understanding and communication, and ameliorating the secondary negative effects of hearing loss.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管没有这样做的许多负面后果，但在检测后的最初5 - 10年内，有80％的听力受损的成年人无法治疗其听力损失。这不是听力学独有的 - 许多其他慢性健康状况也存在类似的数据。此外，影响听力医疗保健（HHC）行为的因素与影响其他慢性疾病的健康行为的因素相似。在健康行为理论框架内检查HHC行为是适当的。在这项调查中，将使用三种既定的健康行为理论来确定HHC行为基础的关键态度和信念，以便在将来基于理论的行为变化干预措施中。这种方法是有希望的，因为尽管某些影响HHC行为的变量无法改变（例如，听力损失，年龄，收入水平的严重程度），但可以通过教育和咨询来修改态度和信念。因此，这项研究将为发展基于理论的教育和咨询行为改变干预措施的发展奠定基础，以增加轻度到中度听力损失的成年人的HHC行为。这项研究将（1）确定哪些HHC态度和信念可以最好地解释HHC寻求和干预措施的HHC行为。 （2）确定寻求帮助潜在的态度和信念是否与那些基本干预措施的人不同。 （3）确定在诊所使用的简短形式的健康行为评估是否可以有效地预测HHC行为，就像长期评估一样，这将为制定教育和咨询行为改变计划提供必要的细节。将进行一项混合方法纵向研究，其中将使用长形式和简短的健康行为评估评估HHC的态度和信念，以测量跨理论模型，健康信念模型和计划行为理论的结构。参与者将是587个人，他们的听力筛查失败。他们将以6个月的间隔与他们联系，以确定他们是否寻求帮助，如果是，他们是否遵循听力学家关于康复的建议。健康行为评估将在研究的开始和结束时完成。还将检查其他解释变量（测量和自我评估的听力，健康素养，一般健康和听觉生活方式），并且参与者将参加结构化访谈，以便我们可以了解对HHC行为的人际关系和心理社会影响。这项研究将是第一个在多种健康行为理论框架内前瞻性检查HHC行为的研究。通过了解HHC行为的基础，可以制定行为改变策略，从而增加有助于听力损失的人的寻求和干预吸收，从而改善语音理解和交流，并改善听力损失的次要负面影响。