PROJECT 2: TRANSLATIONAL REGULATION OF THE MEIOTIC CELL CYCLE IN THE MALE.

项目 2：男性减数分裂细胞周期的翻译调控。

基本信息

批准号：
8638813
负责人：
MARGARET T FULLER
金额：
$ 33.1万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-04-01 至 2016-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8638813
关键词：
3&apos Untranslated Regions B-Lymphocytes Binding Biological Models Cell Cycle Cell Cycle Progression Cell Cycle Regulation Cell Differentiation process Cells Chromosomes Cis-Acting Sequence Collaborations Cyclin B DNA biosynthesis Development Drosophila genus Embryo Embryonic Development Eukaryota Event Family Family member G2 Phase G2/M Transition Gametogenesis Gene Expression Genetic Germ Cells Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins Homologous Gene Homologous Protein Human Hybrids In Vitro Infertility Maps Meiosis Molecular Molecular Analysis Oocytes Oogenesis Organism Play Poly(A)-Binding Proteins Polyadenylation Production Prophase Proteins RNA RNA Cap-Binding Proteins RNA-Binding Proteins Recruitment Activity Regulation Reproduction Reproductive Biology Role Specific qualifier value Spermatocytes Spermatogenesis Spermiogenesis Staging Synapses Testing Time Transcript Translational Regulation Translational Repression Translations Universities Work Yeasts base cdc25 Phosphatase cell type design egg gene discovery insight male men oocyte maturation premature prevent programs sex stem cell biology

项目摘要

Meiosis is the signature event of the germ cell developmental program, absolutely required for sexual reproduction eukaryotes. Proper regulation of meiotic progression is crucial for production of functional gametes. A key aspect of meiosis is a germ cell specific cell cycle, in which a final round of DNA synthesis (premeiotic S) is followed by a greatly extended G2, termed meiotic prophase, prior to the two meiotic divisions. This signature cell cycle delay provides critical time for homologous chromosomes to pair, synapse and recombine, as well as for major biosynthetic events that drive gamete differentiation. In oocytes, the transcriptional, translational and morphogenetic changes that produce the egg and prepare for early embryogenesis are largely accomplished during meiotic prophase. In male germ cells, although dramatic morphological changes that produce mature gametes occur after the meiotic divisions, a major part of the gene expression program that sets up spermiogenesis takes place during meiotic prophase. In both sexes, meiotic onset, progression, maturation, and activation of the meiotic divisions are key regulatory points. Understanding how these events are regulated is key for understanding the molecular basis of meiotic arrest infertility, for designing effective strategies for differentiating germ cells from embryonic precursors, and for developing and maturing competent gametes in vitro. The analysis proposed in this subproject of the U54 Cooperative Center for Reproductive and Stem Cell Biology will elucidate fundamental mechanisms that control the cell cycle for meiotic prophase, including the critical control circuits that first pause the cell cycle, then finally activate the G2/M transition for meiosis I once proper expression of the program for gametogenesis has been achieved.

减数分裂是生殖细胞发育计划的签名事件，绝对需要性爱繁殖真核生物。对减数分裂进程的适当调节对于产生功能至关重要配子。减数分裂的一个关键方面是生殖细胞特异性细胞周期，其中最后一轮DNA合成（前s）随后是一个大大扩展的G2，称为减数分裂预言，在两个减数分裂之前部门。此标志性细胞周期延迟为同源染色体配对，突触提供了关键的时间和重组，以及驱动配子分化的重大生物合成事件。在卵母细胞中转录，翻译和形态发生变化，产生卵并为早期做准备在减数分裂预言期间，胚胎发生很大程度上是完成的。在男性生殖细胞中，虽然戏剧性产生成熟配子的形态学变化发生在减数分裂师之后，这是基因的主要部分建立精子发生的表达程序发生在减数分裂预言期间。在两个性别中，减数分裂减数分裂分裂的发作，进展，成熟和激活是关键的调节点。理解如何调节这些事件是理解减数分裂抑制不育症的分子基础的关键，因为设计有效的策略，以区分生殖细胞和胚胎前体，以及开发和发展在体外成熟胜任配子。 U54合作中心的这一副标理中提出的分析对于生殖和干细胞生物学，将阐明控制细胞周期的基本机制减数分裂预言，包括首先停止细胞周期的关键对照电路，然后最终激活减数分裂的G2/M转变I曾经已经正确表达了该程序的配子发生。