The neurophysiological basis of serial learning

串行学习的神经生理学基础

• 批准号: 8890885
• 负责人: VINCENT P FERRERA
• 金额: $ 39.45万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-02 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8890885
• 关键词: Accounting; Alzheimer' s Disease; Animals; Architecture; Autistic Disorder; Behavioral; Cells; Code; Cognitive; Columbidae; Complex; Cues; Data; Goals; Health; Human; Individual; Investigation; Joints; Judgment; Lateral; Learning; Left; Logic; Macaca mulatta; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Monkeys; Neurologic; Neurons; Neurosciences; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Performance; Physiology; Play; Positioning Attribute; Prefrontal Cortex; Property; Relative (related person); Role; Schedule; Schizophrenia; Serial Learning; Social Dominance; Staging; Stimulus; System; Testing; Training; Visual Fields; Work; abstracting; base; brain cell; design; lateral intraparietal area; neurophysiology; nonhuman primate; novel; novel strategies; patient population; relating to nervous system; research study; sequence learning; social; spatial relationship; virtual; visual motor; visual stimulus; Accounting; Alzheimer' s Disease; Animals; Architecture; Autistic Disorder; Behavioral; Cells; Code; Cognitive; Columbidae; Complex; Cues; Data; Goals; Health; Human; Individual; Investigation; Joints; Judgment; Lateral; Learning; Left; Logic; Macaca mulatta; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Monkeys; Neurologic; Neurons; Neurosciences; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Performance; Physiology; Play; Positioning Attribute; Prefrontal Cortex; Property; Relative (related person); Role; Schedule; Schizophrenia; Serial Learning; Social Dominance; Staging; Stimulus; System; Testing; Training; Visual Fields; Work; abstracting; base; brain cell; design; lateral intraparietal area; neurophysiology; nonhuman primate; novel; novel strategies; patient population; relating to nervous system; research study; sequence learning; social; spatial relationship; virtual; visual motor; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose a new approach to the study of inferential learning by investigating how monkeys and humans infer implicit serial relationships during training on a Transitive Inference (TI) paradigm. TI implies the ability to conclude that A C if A > B and B > C. This logic can be extended to any number of items as long as their relationships obey transitivity. TI has been shown to exist in species as diverse as pigeons, monkeys, and humans and is thought to be essential for understanding complex social relationships such as dominance hierarchies. TI is also critical for understanding ordinal relationships, which, by definition, obey transitivity. Linear spatial relationships also obey transitivity (if A is to the left of B, and B is to the left of C, then A is to the left of C). Hene, it has been proposed that TI may be related to spatial representations that inhabit a virtual workspace. The idea is that one can imagine adjacent items in an ordered list as occupying neighboring positions on an imaginary line. Thus, ordinal relationships that seem abstract may in fact be mapped onto existing spatial representations. To test this, we plan to investigate the learning and representation of ordinal relationships among novel stimuli in regions of parietal and prefrontal cortex that are believed to be involved in representing spatial information, especially relative spatial position. These are the first experiments to investigate the acquisition of implict inference at the behavioral level that is synchronized to simultaneous measurement of the activity of individual brain cells throughout TI learning (including acquisition). Ours are signifiant because they provide the first neurological investigation of implicit serial learning in a non-human primate that is not confounded by spatial or temporal cues. From a physiologist's perspective, areas LIP and SEF have been shown to encode both spatial and abstract qualities of visual stimuli. There is, however, no theoretical framework that integrates these different representations. We propose to test the idea that a virtual workspace may account for both spatial and non-spatial coding in LIP and SEF. Health Relatedness: These experiments are relevant to Schizophrenia, Autism, Alzheimer's disease, and other conditions whose patient populations have deficits in their performance of TI problems.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们通过调查猴子和人类如何推断在及时推断（TI）范式训练期间推断出隐式的序列关系，提出了一种新方法来研究推论学习。 TI意味着能够得出结论，如果A> b和b> C。只要其关系遵守传递性，就可以将此逻辑扩展到任何数量的项目。 TI已被证明存在于像鸽子，猴子和人类一样多样化的物种中，被认为对于理解复杂的社会关系（例如优势等级制度）至关重要。 TI对于理解序数关系也至关重要，从定义上讲，这是遵守传递性的。线性空间关系也遵守传递性（如果A位于B的左侧，并且B位于C的左侧，则A为C的左侧）。 Hene，有人提出TI可能与居住在虚拟工作空间的空间表示有关。这个想法是，人们可以想象有序列表中的相邻项目是虚线上占据的相邻位置。因此，似乎抽象的序数关系实际上可以映射到现有的空间表示上。为了测试这一点，我们计划研究据信据信代表空间信息，尤其是相对空间位置的典型和额叶皮层区域中新型刺激之间序数关系的学习和表示。这些是研究在行为水平上获得隐含推理的第一个实验，该实验在整个TI学习过程中同时测量了单个脑细胞的活性（包括获取）。我们的意义重大是因为它们提供了对非人类灵长类动物中隐式序列学习的首次神经学研究，而这种神经学习不会被空间或时间提示所混淆。从生理学家的角度来看，嘴唇和SEF区域已被证明可以编码视觉刺激的空间和抽象品质。但是，没有理论框架可以整合这些不同的表示。我们建议测试虚拟工作空间可以解释唇部和SEF中的空间编码的想法。健康相关性：这些实验与精神分裂症，自闭症，阿尔茨海默氏病以及其他患者人群在TI问题的表现不足的疾病有关。