Do Electronic Cigarettes Reduce Harm?

电子烟可以减少危害吗？

基本信息

批准号：
8884573
负责人：
Prudence Talbot
金额：
$ 20.27万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-15 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8884573
关键词：
Address Adult Adverse effects Advertisements Aerosols Affect American Animals Biological Assay Breathing British Burn injury Cells Chemicals Cigarette Cinnamon - dietary Data Development Dose Electronic cigarette Embryo Epithelial Cells Fibroblasts Flavoring Foundations Future Goals Gold Harm Reduction Health Heating Hepatocyte Human In Vitro Liquid substance Liver Lung Mainstreaming Marketing Mass Fragmentography Nicotine No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level Organic Chemicals Outcome Poison Policies Policy Maker Production Propylene Glycols Public Health Relative (related person)Reporting Research Safety Sales Science Smoke Testing Tobacco Tobacco smoke Toxic effect Work base cell killing cell type cinnamic aldehyde cytotoxic cytotoxicity embryonic stem cell genotoxicity human embryonic stem cell prenatal prevent research study response screening

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Electronic cigarettes heat a fluid containing nicotine and a humectant, such as propylene glycol. The resulting puff of aerosol contains many fewer chemicals than a puff of tobacco smoke and may therefore provide a less harmful alternative for those addicted to nicotine. However, relatively little is known about electronic cigarette aerosols and both positive and negative health effects have been reported by electronic cigarette users. Our long-term objective is to understand how electronic cigarettes affect human health and to contribute to the scientific foundation that will be used to establish rational policies for regulaing the manufacture, advertisement, and sale of electronic cigarettes. Our prior data demonstrate that some flavorings used in electronic cigarette refill fluids are cytotoxic to human cells. The goal of the proposed research is to compare the cytoxicity and genotoxicity of electronic cigarette aerosols and mainstream smoke from conventional cigarette products, and then to identify the flavorings and chemicals in electronic cigarette products that cause cytoxicity/genotoxicity. An in vitro toxicological approach will be used that will enable screening of broad range of products and identification of products/chemicals that could be pursued in more depth in future proposals including animals and humans. In our first Specific Aim, a dose response in vitro screen will be used to identify electronic cigarette products that produce aerosols which are cytotoxic to human embryonic stem cells, lung fibroblasts, and lung epithelial cells. A hierarchy of potency will establish the relative cytotoxicity of the products that are screened. Genotoxicity will then be evaluated at doses that do not kill cells. Similar cyto/genotoxicity data will be obtained using mainstream smoke from two conventional cigarette products. Data from the conventional and electronic cigarettes will be compared to determine if harm is decreased in the electronic cigarettes. Comparisons will also be made to determine the relative sensitivity of embryonic vs. adult cells to these products. In the second Specific Aim, we will identify the chemicals in the most potent electronic cigarette aerosols, purchase authentic standards, and test the authentic standards in the cytotoxic and genotoxic assays to identify the chemical(s) that produce harm. The resulting data would contribute to regulatory science and help regulatory agencies establish policies to govern the chemicals and flavorings that are added to electronic cigarette fluids. These data could help prevent adverse health effects in electronic cigarette users and make electronic cigarettes a safer alternative to conventional tobacco products.

描述（由申请人提供）：电子卷烟加热含有尼古丁和保湿剂的液体，例如丙二醇。与烟草烟相比，所产生的气溶胶包含的化学物质少得多，因此可能为上瘾的尼古丁的烟雾提供较少的危害替代品。但是，关于电子烟气的了解相对较少，电子烟使用者报告了阳性和负面影响。我们的长期目标是了解电子烟如何影响人类健康，并为科学基础做出贡献，该基金会将用于制定用于调节电子烟的制造，广告和销售的合理政策。我们先前的数据表明，电子烟液中使用的一些调味料对人类细胞具有细胞毒性。拟议的研究的目的是比较传统香烟产物中电子香烟气溶胶和主流烟的细胞毒性和遗传毒性，然后确定引起细胞毒性/遗传毒性的电子烟产品中的调味剂和化学物质。将使用一种体外毒理学方法，可以筛选在包括动物和人类在内的未来建议中，可以更深入地追求产品/化学物质的广泛产品/化学品的识别。在我们的第一个特定目的中，将使用剂量反应在体外筛查中鉴定出产生对人类胚胎干细胞，肺成纤维细胞和肺上皮细胞的气溶胶的电子烟产品。效力的层次结构将建立筛选产品的相对细胞毒性。然后，将以不会杀死细胞的剂量评估遗传毒性。使用来自两种常规香烟产品的主流烟雾将获得类似的细胞/遗传毒性数据。将比较来自常规和电子卷烟的数据，以确定电子卷烟的危害是否减少。还将进行比较，以确定胚胎与成人细胞与这些产品的相对灵敏度。在第二个特定目标中，我们将确定最有效的电子烟气，购买真实标准的化学物质，并测试细胞毒性和遗传毒性测定中的真实标准，以识别产生危害的化学物质。最终的数据将有助于监管科学，并帮助监管机构制定政策，以控制添加到电子香烟液中的化学品和调味料。这些数据可以帮助防止电子烟使用者的不良健康影响，并使电子烟成为常规烟草产品的更安全替代品。