Neuroimaging & Cognition for Predicting Tobacco Dependence Treatment Outcomes

神经影像学

• 批准号: 8263777
• 负责人: DIETER J MEYERHOFF
• 金额: $ 67.42万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8263777
• 关键词: Abstinence; Address; Affect; Aftercare; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; American; Behavior; Behavioral; Biochemistry; Blood flow; Brain; Brain Injuries; Buprenorphine; Candidate Disease Gene; Characteristics; Chronic; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Clinical Trials; Cognition; Cognitive; Collaborations; Complement; Complex; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dependence; Development; Drug Addiction; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Economically Deprived Population; Foundations; Functional disorder; Future; General Population; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Genotype; Health; Health Policy; Individual; Injury; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Long-Term Care; Magnetic Resonance; Maintenance; Maintenance Therapy; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mental disorders; Mission; Morbidity - disease rate; Morphology; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Opiate Addiction; Opioid; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Patients; Perfusion; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phenotype; Population; Prevalence; Quality of life; Randomized; Relapse; Replacement Therapy; Research; Resources; Rewards; Risk; Secondary to; Short-Term Memory; Single Nucleotide Polymorphism; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Smoking Status; Societies; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco Dependence; Tobacco smoking; Tobacco use; Treatment outcome; Work; addiction; base; brain morphology; cigarette smoking; drug abuser; ethnic minority population; experience; follow-up; frontal lobe; hazardous drinking; innovation; mortality; multidisciplinary; neuroimaging; processing speed; psychosocial; public education; reward circuitry; skills; smoking cessation; smoking relapse; tobacco abstinence; treatment response

Despite concerted efforts at investigating and disseminating the health risks of tobacco dependence, millions of Americans continue to smoke chronically. Drug abusers have twice the smoking rate of the general population and suffer increasingly costly quality of life and health consequences. For example, more than 80% of opioid dependent individuals on buprenorphine maintenance therapy smoke cigarettes. Recent research suggests that cigarette smoking adversely affects brain morphology, blood flow, biochemistry, and cognition. These smoking-related brain abnormalities resemble those observed in chronic drug use and involve major components of the reward circuit, implicated in the initiation and maintenance of all forms of addiction. Tobacco dependence is also related to higher levels of non-nicotinic drug use after drug abuse treatment. The impact of combined opioid and tobacco dependence on neurobiology and behavior has not been evaluated systematically, and its relations to high smoking relapse rates in this population are poorly understood. Recent research implicates abnormalities in the reward circuitry as major contributor to relapse in all drug use, but corresponding evidence from opioid users in tobacco dependence treatment is lacking. The main purpose of this component is to a) obtain magnetic resonance-derived and neurocognitive measures of the integrity of frontal-subcortical brain circuits in opioid dependent individuals on buprenorphine replacement therapy before their extended, innovative tobacco dependence treatment, b) determine if these measures diffenentiate successful and unsuccessful quitters, and c) determine their ability to pnedlct \obacco dependence treatment response at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after treatment randomization. Exploratory genetic studies will address the influence of select single nucleotide polymorphisms on the main neurobiological and treatment outcome measures and the impact of these polymorphisms on quit rates. The overarching purpose of this research is to enable - within the existing framework of the Center - the development of a unique collaboration among two productive research teams at UCSF that both have aimed for many years to help reduce the overall impact of drug abuse on society. This multidisciplinary component, performed as part of a larger clinical trial of extended and innovative tobacco dependence treatment, is expected to increase our understanding of the extent to which neurobiological and cognitive deficiencies as well as specific genotypes contribute to an individual's ability to maintain long-term tobacco abstinence.

尽管努力调查和传播烟草依赖的健康风险，但 数以百万计的美国人继续长期吸烟。吸毒者的吸烟率是 普通人群和越来越昂贵的生活质量和健康后果。例如，更多 超过80％的阿片类药物依赖人对丁丙诺啡维持疗法烟雾香烟。最近的 研究表明，吸烟会对脑形态，血流，生物化学和 认识。这些与吸烟相关的脑异常类似于慢性药物使用和 涉及奖励电路的主要组成部分，涉及所有形式的启动和维护 瘾。烟草依赖性也与滥用药物后较高水平的非纽约激素药物使用有关 治疗。阿片类药物和烟草依赖对神经生物学和行为的影响尚未 被系统地评估及其与该人群中吸烟率高的关系的关系很差 理解。最近的研究暗示奖励电路异常是复发的主要贡献者 在所有药物使用中，缺乏阿片类药物使用者的相应证据。 该组件的主要目的是a）获得磁共振衍生和神经认知 阿片类药物依赖性个体中额叶脑电路完整性的衡量标准 丁丙诺啡替代疗法在扩展，创新的烟草依赖性治疗之前，b） 确定这些措施是否差异化成功和失败的戒烟，c）确定它们的能力 在治疗随机分组后3、6、12和18个月时，PNEDLCT \ obacco依赖治疗反应。 探索性遗传学研究将解决精选单核苷酸多态性对主要的影响 神经生物学和治疗结果度量以及这些多态性对戒烟率的影响。 这项研究的总体目的是在中心现有框架内启用 在UCSF的两个生产研究团队之间建立了独特的合作 多年来，有助于减少药物滥用对社会的总体影响。这个多学科组成部分， 作为扩展和创新烟草依赖治疗的较大临床试验的一部分， 期望我们对神经生物学和认知缺陷的程度的理解为 由于特定的基因型有助于个人维持长期戒酒的能力。