Personal Exposures and Acute Airway Response in Children

儿童的个人暴露和急性气道反应

• 批准号: 8279274
• 负责人: Patrick Lott Kinney
• 金额: $ 32.16万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-01 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8279274
• 关键词: Acute; Adenosine; Age; Air Pollution; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Asthma; Biological Markers; Carbon Black; Child; Childhood Asthma; Complement; Data; Diesel Exhaust; Elements; Enrollment; Environment; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Exhalation; Exposure to; Goals; Home environment; Hour; Leukotrienes; Link; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Monitor; Nature; Outcome Measure; Participant; Particulate; Particulate Matter; Pathogenesis; Pathway interactions; Play; Relative (related person); Respiratory physiology; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Schools; Source; Spirometry; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Uncertainty; Wheezing; base; innovation; insight; isoprostaglandin F2alpha type-III; light weight; particle; pollutant; pre-clinical; respiratory; response; trafficking

While ambient air pollution has been implicated as a risk factor for asthma exacerbations, interpretation of findings from epidemiologic studies has been hampered by uncertainties in exposures and in the precise nature of the airway responses. The overall goal of the proposed study is to advance our understanding of the influence of diesel exhaust exposures in acute asthma exacerbations by linking innovative exposure and outcome measures. We propose to optimize and test a new miniature "smart" personal sampling system for size- and composition-classified particulate matter, and to implement the system in a study of personal xposures and acute airway responses among children enrolled in CCCEH. The smart sampler will monitor personal exposures for 30 asthmatic and 30 non-asthmatic children ages 9/10 to DEP/BC (Diesel Exhaust Particulates-Black Carbon), multiple elements, and PM2.5 and will distinguish exposures occurring in three key environments (at home, at school and other/in-transit). For each child, we will collect a sequence of six 48-hour personal samples, timed to coincide with 2-week average home indoor and outdoor measurements proposed in project 1. We will quantify and compare personal exposures to DEP/BC at home, school, and other/transit, and will analyze the relationship between personal DEP/BC exposures and concurrently- measured home indoor/outdoor DEP/BC concentrations. Based on particle elemental composition, we also will analyze the extent to which personal PM2.5 exposures are driven by traffic-related particle emissions. At the completion of each 48-hour monitoring period, we will measure exhaled-breath biomarkers (cys- leukotrienes, NO, 8-isoprostane) and adenosine, lung function by spirometry, and respiratory symptoms (i.e., wheeze) for each of the 60 children. Statistical analyses and hypothesis testing will 1) determine the relative importance of home, school, and other/in-transit exposure environments for personal exposures, 2) test for acute effects of personal DEP/BC exposures on exhaled-breath 8-isoprostane, NO, pH, cys-leukotrienes and adenosine, and 3) determine whether average levels of these biomarkers vary across children as a function of asthma status and/or average DEP/BC exposure. The aims and methods proposed here will both advance our understanding of acute airway effects of DEP/BC and complement the aims of the other projects.

虽然环境空气污染已被视为哮喘恶化的危险因素，但解释 流行病学研究的发现受到暴露不确定性的阻碍 气道响应的性质。拟议研究的总体目标是提高我们对 柴油排气暴露在急性哮喘加重中的影响，通过连接创新的暴露和 结果措施。我们建议优化和测试新的微型“智能”个人抽样系统 大小和组成分类的颗粒物，并在个人研究中实现系统 CCCEH入学的儿童的Xposures和急性气道反应。智能采样器将监视 30次哮喘和30名非雅典儿童9/10的个人暴露于DEP/BC（柴油排气 颗粒黑色碳），多个元素和PM2.5，并将区分三个发生的暴露 关键环境（在家里，学校和其他/运输中）。对于每个孩子，我们将收集六个序列 48小时的个人样本，与2周的平均家庭室内和室外测量相吻合 在项目1中提出的建议。我们将量化和比较在家，学校和 其他/过境，将分析个人DEP/BC暴露与同时的关系之间的关系 - 测量的家庭室内/室外DEP/BC浓度。基于粒子元素组成，我们也 将分析与交通相关的粒子排放驱动个人PM2.5的程度。在 每个48小时监测期的完成，我们将测量呼气的呼吸生物标志物（Cys-- 白三烯，NO，8-异丙烷）和腺苷，肺部功能测量和呼吸道症状（即， 喘息）。统计分析和假设检验将确定相对 家庭，学校和其他/透射式接触环境的重要性 个人DEP/BC暴露对呼气的8-异丙烷的急性影响，否，pH，cys-Leukotrienes和 腺苷和3）确定这些生物标志物的平均水平在儿童方面是否有所不同 哮喘状态和/或平均DEP/BC暴露。这里提出的目的和方法都将 促进我们对DEP/BC急性气道影响的理解，并补充对方的目标 项目。