Reward Encoding and Anxiety

奖励编码和焦虑

基本信息

批准号：
10115807
负责人：
BITA MOGHADDAM
金额：
$ 48.04万
依托单位：
OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-06-01 至 2023-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10115807
关键词：
Address Affect Affective Animals Anxiety Behavior Behavior Control Behavioral Behavioral Model Behavioral Paradigm Benzodiazepines Biological Markers Clinical Cognitive Conflict (Psychology)Cues Data Dementia Desire for food Dimensions Discrimination Dopamine Electrophysiology (science)Etiology Event Experimental Models Exposure to Feeling Fright Functional Imaging Functional disorder Goals Human Lead Life Major Depressive Disorder Measures Mental disorders Mind Modeling Monkeys Mus Neuroanatomy Neurons Outcome Pattern Pharmacology Physiological Physiology Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders Prefrontal Cortex Prevention strategy Punishment Rattus Research Rewards Risk Rodent Schizophrenia Symptoms Task Performances Ventral Tegmental Area Work addiction alternative treatment anxiety states anxiety treatment anxiety-like behavior autism spectrum disorder base behavioral response clinically relevant cognitive control coping design disabling symptom dopaminergic neuron flexibility generalized anxiety imaging study innovation motivated behavior neural correlate novel optogenetics recruit relating to nervous system reward processing side effect treatment strategy

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Anxiety is a debilitating symptom of most psychiatric disorders including PTSD, major depression, schizophrenia, autism and addiction. Treatment of anxiety is mostly limited to benzodiazepines, which have abuse potential and produce multiple cognitive and behavioral side effects, including increased propensity to develop dementia. Design of alternative treatments or prevention strategies is contingent upon a better understanding of the neuronal basis of anxiety. While animal studies have so far informed us about the functional neuroanatomy of fear and anxiety, the negative impact of real-life anxiety extends beyond aversive feelings and involves disruptions in ongoing goal-directed behaviors. For example, anxiety is associated with deficits in flexible control of reward-driven actions and expression of motivated behavior when it is subject to the risk of an aversive outcome. The neural basis of these behavioral deficits is largely unknown. Thus, the overarching research question that drives the experimental aims of this application is: How does anxiety affect neuronal encoding of goal-directed behaviors? To address this question, a major challenge of the experimental approach is to create a background state of anxiety that does not prohibit animals to perform goal-oriented and rewarded tasks during electrophysiological recordings from multiple regions. With this in mind, we propose to use two complementary experimental models of anxiety in combination with innovative and clinically relevant behavioral tasks while measuring dynamic coordination between neurons of two regions implicated in reward processing and flexible control of behavior: ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC). Specific aims are designed based on a computational-style model with assumptions that are supported by preliminary data: (1) behavioral differences (between control and anxiety states) are specific to conditions that involve action selection under conflict or the risk of an aversive outcome; (2) differences (between control and anxiety states) in neuronal activity are observed during conflict/aversive outcomes and involve diminished recruitment of action encoding neurons in dmPFC and disrupted coordination between dmPFC neural activity and VTA dopamine neurons. This approach is novel and significant because a neurocomputational understanding of aberrant neural activity relevant to symptoms such as anxiety can help identify biological markers and clinical measures that delineate etiology and physiology of those symptoms.

项目摘要/摘要焦虑是一个大多数精神疾病的衰弱症状，包括创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、重度抑郁症、精神分裂症、自闭症和成瘾症。焦虑症的治疗主要限于苯二氮卓类药物，滥用潜力并产生多种认知和行为副作用，包括增加的倾向发展为痴呆症。替代治疗或预防策略的设计取决于更好的了解焦虑的神经基础。虽然动物研究迄今为止已经告诉我们根据恐惧和焦虑的功能神经解剖学，现实生活中焦虑的负面影响超出了厌恶的范围感受并涉及对正在进行的目标导向行为的干扰。例如，焦虑与缺乏对奖励驱动行动的灵活控制和受激励行为的表达出现不良结果的风险。这些行为缺陷的神经基础在很大程度上尚不清楚。因此，推动该应用程序实验目标的首要研究问题是：焦虑如何影响目标导向行为的神经元编码？为了解决这个问题，实验的一个主要挑战方法是创造一种不妨碍动物以目标为导向的焦虑背景状态在多个区域的电生理记录期间奖励任务。考虑到这一点，我们建议使用两种互补的焦虑实验模型结合创新和临床相关行为任务，同时测量与奖励有关的两个区域神经元之间的动态协调行为处理和灵活控制：腹侧被盖区（VTA）和背内侧前额皮质（dmPFC）。具体目标是基于计算式模型设计的，其假设是初步数据支持：（1）行为差异（控制状态和焦虑状态之间）特定于涉及冲突下的行动选择或出现令人厌恶结果的风险的情况； (2)差异（在控制状态和焦虑状态之间）在冲突/厌恶结果期间观察到神经元活动，并且涉及 dmPFC 中编码动作神经元的减少以及神经元之间协调的破坏 dmPFC 神经活动和 VTA 多巴胺神经元。这种方法是新颖且重要的，因为对与焦虑等症状相关的异常神经活动的神经计算理解可以有所帮助确定描述这些症状的病因学和生理学的生物标志物和临床措施。