The role of ENDS use in changing rates of escalation and quitting of cigarette smoking in those under age 35 years in US population

ENDS 使用对改变美国 35 岁以下人群吸烟升级和戒烟率的作用

• 批准号: 10011784
• 负责人: Tarik Benmarhnia
• 金额: $ 31.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-11 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10011784
• 关键词: 12 year old; 17 year old; 18 year old; 20 year old; Achievement; Address; Adult; Age; Area; Behavior; Categories; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Complex; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology); Data; Data Collection; Diffusion; Education; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Electronic cigarette; Enrollment; Epidemiologic Methods; Equilibrium; Escalator; Estimation Techniques; Exposure to; Family; Female; Generations; Health; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Monitor; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Outcome; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Population; Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health; Predisposition; Probability; Public Health; Research; Role; Sampling; Smoke-free home; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Status; Structural Models; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco Use Cessation; Tobacco use; United States; Variant; Weight; Youth; aged; cigarette smoking; comparison group; design; experience; experimental study; health data; interest; longitudinal analysis; machine learning algorithm; nicotine use; nicotine user; peer; prognostic; rate of change; response; smoking cessation; tobacco advertising; tobacco products; tobacco user; young adult

Abstract Recently, there has been extensive use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) by young people in the United States (US). These products have the potential to significantly reduce the proportion of young adults who are addicted to cigarette smoking, either by influencing the proportion who escalate to daily cigarette smoking or by increasing the proportion who quit under the age of 35 years. Previous research has demonstrated that there are two groups of escalators to daily cigarette smoking: 1) early escalators who are daily smokers before age 20 years, and 2) later escalators (become daily smokers at 21+ years). This proposal will explore the long-term role of ENDS in changing the escalation and quitting of cigarette smoking using the first four waves of the national Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) longitudinal study. The study used a four stage stratified area probability design and has enrolled ~26,000 people under the age of 35 years, half of whom were female. The public use data for the first two waves are available and include longitudinal weighting variables. Wave 3 is expected to be publicly available in Spring 2018, and Wave 4 one is expected year later. The weighted response for Wave 2 was 87% for 12-17 year olds, and 83% for adults. With these PATH data, we will explore two scientific premises: 1) that widespread promotion of ENDS has resulted in a new generation of nicotine users who rely on ENDS usage and who did not escalate to daily cigarette smokers when becoming adults; and 2) that the diffusion of ENDS among young tobacco users will result in lower nicotine dependence that, in turn, will be associated with higher rates of successful discontinuance of cigarette smoking before age 35 years. A significant methodological weakness in such complex longitudinal analyses is related to the consideration of a large number of time-varying confounding variables that are prognostic for changes in tobacco use behaviors and are also associated with the outcome of interest. Some epidemiological methods allow the achievement of covariate balance between different exposure groups. With these methods, ongoing differences in outcomes of interest are directly attributable to ENDS usage, for example. In this context, we leverage Propensity Score Matching (PSM), and Marginal Structural Models (MSMs) to adjust for time-varying confounding. We will also explore Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (TMLE) techniques to optimize the performance of PSM. We will conduct separate analyses for early escalators, late escalators, and quitters before age 35 years. This proposal will answer an urgent public health question in regards to the long-term potential benefits associated with ENDS usage, while also providing an example to the tobacco research field of state-of-art epidemiological methods for complex longitudinal analyses.

抽象的 最近，电子尼古丁输送系统（ENDS）被年轻人广泛使用。 美国（US）。这些产品有可能显着减少年轻人的比例 吸烟上瘾的人，或者通过影响每天吸烟的比例 吸烟或增加 35 岁以下戒烟的比例。先前的研究有 证明有两类自动扶梯每天吸烟：1）早期自动扶梯谁是 20 岁之前每天吸烟者，以及 2) 后来自动扶梯（21 岁以上成为每天吸烟者）。这个提议 将利用以下方法探索 ENDS 在改变吸烟升级和戒烟方面的长期作用 国家人口烟草与健康评估 (PATH) 纵向研究的前四波。这 研究采用四阶段分层区域概率设计，已招募约 26,000 名 35 岁以下的人 年，其中一半是女性。前两波的公共使用数据可用，包括 纵向权重变量。 Wave 3 预计将于 2018 年春季公开发布，Wave 4 预计将于 2018 年春季公开发布 预计一年后。 12-17 岁人群对第 2 波的加权反应率为 87%，成人为 83%。 利用这些 PATH 数据，我们将探讨两个科学前提：1）ENDS 的广泛推广已 导致了新一代尼古丁使用者依赖电子尼古丁传送系统的使用，并且没有升级到每天使用尼古丁 成年后吸烟者； 2) ENDS 在年轻烟草使用者中的传播将 降低尼古丁依赖性，进而提高成功率 35岁之前戒烟。这种方法上的一个重大弱点 复杂的纵向分析涉及大量时变混杂因素的考虑 对烟草使用行为变化具有预测作用并且也与结果相关的变量 的兴趣。一些流行病学方法可以实现不同类型之间的协变量平衡 暴露组。通过这些方法，感兴趣的结果的持续差异可直接归因于 例如，ENDS 的使用。在这种情况下，我们利用倾向得分匹配（PSM）和边际 用于调整时变混杂因素的结构模型 (MSM)。我们还将探索目标最大 似然估计 (TMLE) 技术可优化 PSM 的性能。我们将分别进行 对早期自动扶梯、晚期自动扶梯和 35 岁之前戒烟者的分析。该提案将回答 与电子尼古丁传送系统使用相关的长期潜在益处的紧迫公共卫生问题，同时 还为烟草研究领域的复杂流行病学方法提供了一个例子 纵向分析。

项目成果

Google shopping queries for vaping products, JUUL and IQOS during the E-cigarette, or Vaping, product use Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) outbreak.

在电子烟或电子烟产品使用相关肺损伤 (EVALI) 爆发期间，Google 购物查询电子烟产品、JUUL 和 IQOS。

• 发表时间: 2022
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Leas, Eric C;Moy, Natalie H;Nobles, Alicia L;Ayers, John;Zhu, Shu;Purushothaman, Vidya
• 通讯作者: Purushothaman, Vidya

Ethnic and Socioeconomic Disparities in Recalled Exposure to and Self-Reported Impact of Tobacco Marketing and Promotions.

回顾烟草营销和促销的接触情况和自我报告的影响方面的种族和社会经济差异。

• 发表时间: 2019
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Moran, Meghan Bridgid;Heley, Kathryn;Pierce, John P;Niaura, Ray;Strong, David;Abrams, David
• 通讯作者: Abrams, David

Responses to addiction help-seeking from Alexa, Siri, Google Assistant, Cortana, and Bixby intelligent virtual assistants.

Alexa、Siri、Google Assistant、Cortana 和 Bixby 智能虚拟助手对成瘾寻求帮助的响应。

• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Nobles, Alicia L;Leas, Eric C;Caputi, Theodore L;Zhu, Shu;Strathdee, Steffanie A;Ayers, John W
• 通讯作者: Ayers, John W

E-cigarettes and Cessation: The Introduction of Substantial Bias in Analyses of PATH Study.

电子烟与戒烟：PATH 研究分析中引入重大偏差。

• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Pierce, John P;Leas, Eric C;Benmarhnia, Tarik;McMenamin, Sara B;Strong, David R;Chen, Ruifeng;Messer, Karen
• 通讯作者: Messer, Karen

Availability and Promotion of Cannabidiol (CBD) Products in Online Vape Shops.

在线电子烟商店中大麻二酚 (CBD) 产品的可用性和促销。

• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Leas, Eric C;Moy, Natalie;McMenamin, Sara B;Shi, Yuyan;Benmarhnia, Tarik;Stone, Matthew D;Trinidad, Dennis R;White, Martha
• 通讯作者: White, Martha