Toward an Animal Model of Freely Moving Human

建立自由移动的人类动物模型

基本信息

批准号：
7938788
负责人：
Krishna V Shenoy
金额：
$ 83.15万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-30 至 2014-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION Abstract I have trained as an electrical engineer and as a systems neurobiologist. Over the past ten years I have investigated how motor cortices guide arm movements and how this neural activity can be used to control prosthetic arms and computer cursors. I now recognize that a major new research direction is imperative if we are to truly understand the neural control of movement in the "real-world" and design neural prostheses for large numbers of people. The fundamental assumption which I call into question, and aim to address, is that cortical-motor activity is the same across behavioral contexts, contexts as different as sitting quietly in a dark room without moving ones eyes or head (conventional experimental setting) and actively moving around in a large space with lights, sounds and body posture constantly varying (the proposed "real world" setting). We must begin conducting electrophysiological experiments in monkeys able to freely move around in large spaces, which will serve as an animal model for freely moving humans. This is a dramatically new and different direction, which is only now plausible due to tremendous advances in microelectronics technology and the major new technological and experimental paradigms proposed here. I proposed to build a new suite of recording, wireless telemetery and behavioral monitoring technology to enable this new brand of basic and applied neuroscience investigation. We will also conduct a definitive set of neurophysiological and neural prosthetic experiments, to highlight the power and broad applicability of this new paradigm in addition to documenting initial, and likely highly surprising, discoveries. If successful, I anticipate this new experimental paradigm and results to greatly change basic neuroscience investigations of motor control, applied neuroscience/neuroengineering aimed at designing robust and high-performance neural prostheses, and large patient populations whose quality of life will be dramatically improved

描述抽象的我曾接受过电气工程师和系统神经生物学家的培训。在过去的十年中，我研究了运动皮层如何指导手臂运动以及如何使用这种神经活动来控制假肢和计算机光标。我现在认识到，如果我们要真正理解“现实世界”运动的神经控制并为大量人设计神经假体，则必须做一个主要的新研究方向。我所说的基本假设和要解决的基本假设是，在行为环境中，皮质运动活动是相同的，与安静地坐在黑暗的房间中而没有动人的眼睛或头部（常规的实验环境）（常规的实验环境），并且在灯光，声音和身体姿势不断变化的情况下（建议的“现实世界”设置）。我们必须开始在能够在大空间中自由移动的猴子中进行电生理实验，这将作为自由移动人类的动物模型。这是一个巨大的新方向，由于微电子技术的巨大进步以及这里提出的主要新技术和实验范式，现在仅是合理的。我建议建立一套新的录音，无线遥测和行为监控技术，以实现这个新品牌的基本和应用神经科学调查。我们还将进行一组确定的神经生理学和神经假体实验，以强调这种新范式的功能和广泛的适用性，除了记录了初始（可能非常令人惊讶的发现）。如果成功的话，我预计这种新的实验范式会大大改变对运动控制的基本神经科学研究，应用的神经科学/神经工程旨在设计出色和高性能的神经假体，以及大量的患者人群的生活质量将得到极大的改善。