Earlier Detection of Cancers using Non-Plasma Based Liquid Biopsies

使用非血浆液体活检早期检测癌症

基本信息

批准号：
9788317
负责人：
CHETAN BETTEGOWDA
金额：
$ 71.44万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-19 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9788317
关键词：
Affect Aneuploidy Benchmarking Biological Assay Blood Blood Circulation Brain CLIA certified Cancer Detection Cancer Gene Mutation Carcinoma Central Nervous System Neoplasms Cerebrospinal Fluid Characteristics Clinical Colon Carcinoma Colonic Adenoma Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Neoplasms DNA Data Detection Development Diagnosis Disease Early Diagnosis Etiology Feces Genes Genetic Markers Goals Head Cancer Head and Neck Cancer Head and neck structure Individual Industrialization Intestines Lesion Liquid substance Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Magnetic Resonance Imaging Malignant - descriptor Malignant Neoplasms Malignant neoplasm of brain Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri Medical Methods Morbidity - disease rate Mutation Mutation Detection Neck Cancer Neoplasms Patients Performance Plasma Premalignant Research Design Risk Saliva Sampling Screening for cancer Sensitivity and Specificity Somatic Mutation Specificity Testing Time Tissues Translating Validation Work adenoma base brain abnormalities burden of illness cancer biomarkers cancer care cancer cell cancer diagnosis cancer therapy cancer type clinical biomarkers clinical development clinical implementation clinically significant cohort cost design experience genetic analysis innovation liquid biopsy minimally invasive mortality mouth squamous cell carcinoma neoplastic novel strategies oral lesion personalized medicine specific biomarkers tumor tumor DNA uptake

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Early detection of cancer provides one of the most effective ways to reduce cancer related morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, early detection of cancers is hindered by several factors, including the lack of suitable tests and cost. Personalized medicine and technological advances are changing the approach to cancer diagnosis. Blood based liquid biopsy has provided an opportunity for the development of early detection tests. However, most malignancies do not have effective minimally invasive strategies for early detection and certain pre-neoplastic or neoplastic conditions are not readily detectable using blood based assays. One of the chief challenges in developing minimally-invasive tests is the identification of the appropriate biofluid and cancer specific biomarkers. Over the past two decades, DNA released from cancer cells has emerged as a specific clinical biomarker of cancer. We have previously developed sensitive methods for detection of this released tumor DNA (rtDNA) and demonstrated its potential applications in variety of clinical samples. We have extensive preliminary results that biofluids associated with certain cancers are significantly enriched in rtDNA when compared to blood. Our group has developed sensitive methods to detect and quantify rtDNA in numerous biofluids. In addition, our group has an ongoing relationship with an industrial partner, PapGene Inc that has already participated in the clinical development of liquid biopsy applications. This project will build on those strengths to develop tests for the detection of brain, head and neck, and colon cancers in cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and stool, respectively. A non-plasma based liquid biopsy approach for the earlier detection of cancers or premalignant lesions difficult to detect in the blood would represent a significant medical advance.

项目概要/摘要癌症的早期发现是减少癌症相关发病率和减少癌症相关发病率的最有效方法之一。死亡。不幸的是，癌症的早期检测受到多种因素的阻碍，包括缺乏合适的检测方法。测试和成本。个性化医疗和技术进步正在改变治疗癌症的方法诊断。基于血液的液体活检为早期检测测试的发展提供了机会。然而，大多数恶性肿瘤没有有效的微创策略来进行早期检测和某些治疗。使用基于血液的检测方法不容易检测到肿瘤前期或肿瘤状况。首领之一开发微创测试的挑战是确定适当的生物流体和癌症特定的生物标志物。在过去的二十年里，癌细胞释放的 DNA 已成为一种特殊的癌症的临床生物标志物。我们之前已经开发了检测这种释放的敏感方法肿瘤 DNA (rtDNA) 并展示了其在各种临床样本中的潜在应用。我们有广泛的初步结果表明，与某些癌症相关的生物体液中 rtDNA 显着富集与血液相比。我们的团队开发了灵敏的方法来检测和量化 rtDNA 大量的生物体液。此外，我们的团队与工业合作伙伴 PapGene Inc 保持着持续的合作关系已经参与液体活检应用的临床开发。该项目将建立在利用这些优势开发检测脑脊髓癌、头颈癌和结肠癌的检测方法分别是液体、唾液和粪便。一种用于早期检测的非血浆液体活检方法血液中难以检测到的癌症或癌前病变将代表着重大的医学进步。