Intense Noise Exposure Impacts Performance of Vestibular Dependent Behaviors

强烈的噪音暴露会影响前庭依赖性行为的表现

• 批准号: 10379165
• 负责人: Richard Altschuler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10379165
• 关键词: Acceleration; Action Potentials; Address; Adult; Age; Aging; Air; Aircraft; Animal Model; Attenuated; Audiology; Auditory; Axon; Behavior; Cells; Cessation of life; Clinical; Complex; Data; Development; Disease; Elderly; Equilibrium; Evoked Potentials; Explosion; Exposure to; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Goals; Grant; Hair Cells; Head; Health; Hearing; Helicopter; Human; Impairment; Labyrinth; Lead; Life; Locomotion; Loudness; Military Personnel; Modeling; Movement; Musculoskeletal Equilibrium; Nature; Neck; Noise; Noise-Induced Hearing Loss; Occupational; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Peripheral; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiology; Population; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Publishing; Quality of life; Rattus; Recovery; Reflex action; Reporting; Research; Risk Factors; Sensory; Services; Signal Transduction; Stains; Synapses; Temporary Threshold Shift; Time; United States; Vestibular Nerve; Vestibular loss; Veterans; Vision; Visual; Visual Acuity; active duty; age related; attenuation; auditory threshold shift; behavioral impairment; career; cochlear synaptopathy; equilibration disorder; excitotoxicity; experience; experimental study; fall risk; falls; gaze; hearing impairment; hidden hearing loss; insight; military service; posture instability; preservation; rehabilitation strategy; response; sound; time use; vestibular reflex; vestibulo-ocular reflex

Abstract Military personnel are exposed to intense noise during their active duty careers from weaponry, explosions and military vehicles such as tanks, helicopters and other aircraft. Exposure to intense noise causes hearing loss and may also cause vestibular dysfunction. Although hearing loss and cochlear synaptopathy are well studied, peripheral vestibular synaptopathy and vestibular dysfunction are less often studied and poorly characterized. Furthermore, age related balance deficits are a significant public health problem for veterans in the United States. Agrawal et al. reported that 35% of adults older than 40 had evidence of postural instability and balance dysfunction increased with age so that by 80 years, 85% of adults reported balance problems. Vestibular dysfunction can increase the likelihood of falling; in the US falls are responsible for significant decrements in quality of life, and more than 50% of accidental deaths. Although the causes of postural instability are complex and multifactorial, several studies demonstrate a linkage between noise induced hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction in humans. Noise exposure as a risk factor for vestibular loss has obvious and significant veteran health implications, but there are few, if any studies that (1) provide insights into the physiology that underlies noise-induced vestibular loss and (2) provide guidance for preventative or rehabilitative strategies for veterans with balance disorders. The proposed studies will show in a rat model, that noise exposure at levels encountered by veterans during their military service and during daily life can cause vestibular dysfunction that includes deficits in vestibular reflexes and vestibular signaling that increase fall risk and reduce head stability and visual acuity during movement. We hypothesize that intense noise exposure sufficient to attenuate vestibular nerve responses to linear acceleration (as assessed by the Vestibular short latency Evoked Potential (VsEP) will also cause significant functional deficits in three vestibular dependent behaviors, (1) control of balance during locomotion; (2) deficits in vestibulocollic reflex function that reduce head stability; and (3) deficits in vestibulo-ocular reflex function sufficient to reduce visual acuity during locomotion. Specific Aim 1. Assess balance, head, and visual stability in rats exposed to intense noise sufficient to abolish VsEP responses for at least 28 days. We will use this time window to probe the time course and nature of deficits in vestibular dependent behaviors caused by noise exposure. Specific Aim 2A. Determine whether or not the same behaviors are impaired by a single noise exposure that induces temporary loss and recovery of VsEP responses within 28 days. This Aim will determine if there is a functional vestibular impact from a single noise exposure after which peripheral synapses and VsEP responses recover. Specific Aim 2B. Determine the extent to which and the time course over these behaviors are impaired by multiple noise exposures that initially induce temporary attenuations of VsEP responses. This Aim will determine the cumulative vestibular impact of repetitive noise exposures (as would typically be experienced by Veterans during their service years) on potential peripheral and central recovery mechanisms that can be targeted by rehabilitative strategies.

抽象的 军事人员在其现役生涯中暴露在来自武器、爆炸和噪音的强烈噪音中。 军用车辆，如坦克、直升机和其他飞机。暴露在强烈噪音中会导致听力损失 还可能导致前庭功能障碍。尽管听力损失和耳蜗突触病已得到充分研究， 外周前庭突触病和前庭功能障碍的研究较少，特征也较差。 此外，与年龄相关的平衡缺陷对于美国退伍军人来说是一个重大的公共卫生问题。 阿格拉瓦尔等人。报告称 35% 40 岁以上的成年人有姿势不稳定和平衡的证据 功能障碍随着年龄的增长而增加，因此到 80 岁时，85% 的成年人报告有平衡问题。前庭 功能障碍会增加跌倒的可能性；在美国，下降是造成 生活质量，以及超过 50% 的意外死亡。虽然姿势不稳定的原因很复杂 多项研究表明，噪声引起的听力损失与前庭功能之间存在联系。 人类的功能障碍。噪音暴露作为前庭丧失的危险因素具有明显而重要的经验 健康影响，但很少有研究（如果有的话）（1）提供对潜在生理学的见解 噪声引起的前庭功能丧失以及（2）为退伍军人的预防或康复策略提供指导 患有平衡障碍。拟议的研究将在大鼠模型中显示，所遇到的噪声暴露水平 退伍军人在服兵役期间和日常生活中可能会导致前庭功能障碍，包括 前庭反射和前庭信号传导缺陷会增加跌倒风险并降低头部稳定性和视力 运动时的敏锐度。 我们假设强烈的噪声暴露足以减弱前庭神经对线性的反应 加速度（通过前庭短潜伏期诱发电位（VsEP）评估也会导致显着的 三种前庭依赖性行为的功能缺陷，（1）运动过程中平衡的控制； (2) 赤字 前庭结肠反射功能降低头部稳定性； (3) 前庭眼反射功能缺陷 足以降低运动过程中的视力。 具体目标 1. 评估暴露于足以消除强烈噪音的大鼠的平衡、头部和视觉稳定性 VsEP 反应至少 28 天。我们将利用这个时间窗口来探讨时间进程和性质 噪声暴露引起的前庭依赖性行为缺陷。具体目标 2A。确定是否或 单一的噪声暴露会损害不同的行为，从而导致暂时的损失和恢复 VsEP 在 28 天内回复。该目标将确定是否存在单个功能性前庭影响 噪声暴露后，周围突触和 VsEP 反应恢复。具体目标 2B。决定 这些行为受到多次噪声暴露损害的程度和时间进程 最初会引起 VsEP 反应的暂时减弱。该目标将确定累积的前庭 重复性噪音暴露的影响（退伍军人在服役期间通常会经历的情况） 关于可作为康复策略目标的潜在外周和中枢恢复机制。