Network-Directed Community Screening for HIV

网络指导的艾滋病毒社区筛查

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    8012591
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 18.6万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2010-07-01 至 2012-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The preventive armamentarium against HIV/AIDS has enlarged in recent years. Changing social attitudes-an attenuation of AIDS "exceptionalism"-now permit more aggressive approaches. We propose to test the concept that network-informed community-based screening can be performed in neighborhoods at high risk for HIV transmission. We will compare three network methods-snowball sampling, chain-link sampling, and respondent driven sampling (RDS)-with regard to the "yield" of HIV- positive persons, the characteristics of these persons, and the characteristics of the networks that emerge from these sampling schemes. The underlying hypothesis is that network-informed methods will efficiently find persons at high risk because of these persons' propinquity and probability of relating to each other. In particular, these approaches will discover persons who are unaware of their infection (estimate to be about 20% of those infected) and who may therefore contribute disproportionately to transmission. Discovery of infection in a community has considerable potential for prevention. Evidence has accrued that simple awareness of HIV-positivity status may reduce high risk behavior. In addition, there is a potential to reduce transmission by more widespread use of antiretroviral therapy. Finally, such discovery permits greater application of specific (HIV counseling and behavioral change) and non-specific (drug treatment) measures to persons at high risk. Our research plan focuses on three similar but geographically distinct, communities in the city of Atlanta with a known burden of HIV. We will use one of the network approaches in each of the communities, screening with a brief questionnaire, and a rapid oral test for HIV. Those who test positive will be referred to an AIDS clinical provider for confirmation and further diagnostic and clinical workup. Persons who test negative will be requested to provide a blood specimen for antigen testing to diagnose acute HIV infection. The analysis will focus on defining the proportion of HIV-positive persons who were unaware of their infection; on the incidence and prevalence of disease in these communities; and on the differences and similarities of the networks observed by the three sampling methods. We propose to screen 1,000 persons during the two years of the project. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: A street-based, network-driven approach to disease screen removes the screening process from traditional established sites (clinics, military installations, etc.) and places it at the point of potential transmission. If such an approach can be demonstrated to be a valid concept, and is subsequently verified by a broad-based demonstration program, it will add significantly to the armamentarium for prevention and control of HIV/AIDS.
描述(由申请人提供):近年来针对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的预防性武器库扩大。 改变社会态度 - 艾滋病的衰减“例外主义” - 现在允许更具侵略性的方法。 我们建议测试可以在艾滋病毒传播高风险的社区中进行基于网络的社区筛查的概念。 我们将比较三种网络方法抢手抽样,链链接采样和受访者驱动的采样(RDS) - 与HIV-asporty人的“产量”,这些人的特征以及这些采样方案中出现的网络的特征。 基本的假设是,由于这些人的兴趣和彼此相关的概率,网络信息的方法将有效地找到高风险的人。 特别是,这些方法会发现那些不了解其感染的人(估计约为被感染者的20%),因此可能会对传播造成不成比例的贡献。 在社区中发现感染具有很大的预防潜力。 有证据表明,对HIV阳性状况的简单意识可能会降低高风险行为。 此外,通过更多地使用抗逆转录病毒疗法,有​​可能减少传播。 最后,这种发现允许更大的特定(HIV咨询和行为改变)和非特异性(药物治疗)措施应用于高风险的人。 我们的研究计划着重于亚特兰大市的三个类似但地理上不同的社区,并具有已知的艾滋病毒负担。 我们将在每个社区中使用一种网络方法,并用简短的问卷进行筛查,并对艾滋病毒进行快速口服测试。 那些测试阳性的人将被转交给艾滋病临床提供者,以进行确认以及进一步的诊断和临床检查。 测试阴性的人将要求提供抗原测试的血样,以诊断急性HIV感染。 该分析将着重定义不了解其感染的HIV阳性人的比例;关于这些社区疾病的发病率和患病率;以及通过三种采样方法观察到的网络的差异和相似性。 我们建议在项目的两年中筛查1,000人。 公共卫生相关性:一种基于街道的,以网络为基础的疾病屏幕方法删除了传统已建立的地点(诊所,军事装置等)的筛查过程,并将其置于潜在的传播点。 如果可以证明这种方法是一个有效的概念,并且随后通过基于广泛的示范计划对这种方法进行了验证,则它将大大增加预防和控制HIV/AIDS的武术。

项目成果

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RICHARD B ROTHENBERG其他文献

RICHARD B ROTHENBERG的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('RICHARD B ROTHENBERG', 18)}}的其他基金

Disparities in Exposure to Environmental Threats
面临环境威胁的差异
  • 批准号:
    8876086
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 18.6万
  • 项目类别:
Network-Directed Community Screening for HIV
网络指导的艾滋病毒社区筛查
  • 批准号:
    8092682
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 18.6万
  • 项目类别:
Combining theoretical and empirical network approaches to HIV transmission
结合理论和实证网络方法来研究艾滋病毒传播
  • 批准号:
    7622403
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 18.6万
  • 项目类别:
Accountable Communities: Healthy Together
负责任的社区:共同健康
  • 批准号:
    7248706
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 18.6万
  • 项目类别:
Geography, networks, and risk in disease transmission
地理、网络和疾病传播风险
  • 批准号:
    7279317
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 18.6万
  • 项目类别:
Geography, networks, and risk in disease transmission
地理、网络和疾病传播风险
  • 批准号:
    7005274
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 18.6万
  • 项目类别:
Geography, networks, and risk in disease transmission
地理、网络和疾病传播风险
  • 批准号:
    7759832
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 18.6万
  • 项目类别:
Geography, networks, and risk in disease transmission
地理、网络和疾病传播风险
  • 批准号:
    7118074
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 18.6万
  • 项目类别:
Geography, networks, and risk in disease transmission
地理、网络和疾病传播风险
  • 批准号:
    7492268
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 18.6万
  • 项目类别:
Geography, networks, and risk in disease transmission
地理、网络和疾病传播风险
  • 批准号:
    7684800
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 18.6万
  • 项目类别:

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