Research on inhalation toxicology of environmental chemicals

环境化学品吸入毒理学研究

• 批准号: 8008903
• 负责人: ROBERT O'CONNER
• 金额: $ 544.72万
• 依托单位: ALION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CORP
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-01-05 至 2011-01-04
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8008903
• 关键词: Aerosols; Analytical Chemistry; Animals; Automatic Data Processing; Benzene; Biochemical; Bleomycin; Brain; Breathing; Bronchiolitis Obliterans; Butter; Chemicals; Chemistry; Collaborations; Complex; Contractor; Development; Diacetyl; Dose; Endotoxins; Environment; Equipment; Exposure to; Fibrosis; Flavoring; Gases; Housing; Human Resources; Hyperoxia; In Vitro; Inhalation Exposure; Inhalation Toxicology; Intramural Research; Lesion; Link; Lipopolysaccharides; Location; Lung diseases; Maintenance; Measurement; Mechanics; Modeling; Molecular; Mus; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Toxicology Program; Operative Surgical Procedures; Oropharyngeal; Ovalbumin; Ozone; Particulate; Performance; Pleural; Procedures; Process; Public Health; Regimen; Research; Research Activity; Research Contracts; Research Design; Research Personnel; Resources; Route; Scientist; Support Groups; System; Techniques; Technology; Time; Toxic effect; Toxicology; Universities; Work; animal care; base; carbonyl sulfide; cigarette smoking; cost; dosimetry; environmental chemical; exposed human population; group support; indium phosphide; multidisciplinary; pulmonary function; respiratory; response; vanadium pentoxide; vapor

Keywords inhalation exposure; oropharyngeal aspiration; ozone; lipopolysaccharide; hyperoxia; vanadium pentoxide; bleomycin, pulmonary function; ovalbumin, cigarette smoke, diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, benzene. The Respiratory Toxicology Group (RTOX) conducts studies of chemicals for which inhalation is the primary route of human exposure. Inhalation studies are conducted at the NIEHS inhalation facility through an in-house research contract. Research efforts are directed toward understanding the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of toxicity of inhaled chemicals. Studies are designed and conducted to provide support to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the Division of Intramural Research (DIR). Research activities provide support for NTP-sponsored inhalation studies by conducting special studies on inhalation dosimetry and mechanisms of toxicity, and by providing a quick response capability for studies requiring inhalation exposure. Recent work includes studies of bronchiolitis obliterans caused by inhalation of artificial butter flavoring components, mechanisms of pleural fibrosis caused of indium phosphide particulate, brain lesions caused by inhaled carbonyl sulfide. The RTOX group supports DIR scientists by providing expertise and capability for conducting inhalation exposures and pulmonary function measurements. RTOX activities include the development of inhalation exposure technology, and models for investigating pulmonary disease. Current RTOX support for DIR investigators includes providing animal care and maintenance for genetically-modified mice, inhalation exposures to ozone, hyperoxia, endotoxin, cigarette smoke and ovalbumin. Additional support is provided for oropharyngeal aspiration studies and in measurement of pulmonary function changes.

关键词 吸入暴露；口咽抽吸；臭氧;脂多糖；高氧;五氧化二钒；博莱霉素，肺功能；卵清蛋白、香烟烟雾、二乙酰、2,3-戊二酮、苯。 呼吸毒理学小组 (RTOX) 对吸入是人类接触的主要途径的化学品进行研究。吸入研究是通过内部研究合同在 NIEHS 吸入设施进行的。研究工作旨在了解吸入化学品毒性的生化和分子机制。设计和开展研究的目的是为国家毒理学计划 (NTP) 和校内研究部 (DIR) 提供支持。研究活动通过对吸入剂量测定和毒性机制进行专门研究，并为需要吸入暴露的研究提供快速响应能力，为 NTP 资助的吸入研究提供支持。最近的工作包括研究吸入人造黄油调味成分引起的闭塞性细支气管炎、磷化铟颗粒引起的胸膜纤维化的机制、吸入硫化羰引起的脑损伤。 RTOX 小组通过提供进行吸入暴露和肺功能测量的专业知识和能力来支持 DIR 科学家。 RTOX 活动包括开发吸入暴露技术和研究肺部疾病的模型。目前为 DIR 研究人员提供的 RTOX 支持包括为转基因小鼠提供动物护理和维护、吸入臭氧、高氧、内毒素、香烟烟雾和卵清蛋白。为口咽抽吸研究和肺功能变化测量提供额外支持。