New Neurons in the Adult Amygdala

成人杏仁核中的新神经元

• 批准号: 8628669
• 负责人: ZUOXIN WANG
• 金额: $ 35.87万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8628669
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; American; Amygdaloid structure; Antimitotic Agents; Anxiety; Area; Attention; Beds; Behavioral; Biological Models; Birth; Brain; Brain region; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Cues; Data; Dopamine; Exposure to; Female; Injection of therapeutic agent; Investigation; Label; Laboratories; Light; Mediating; Microtinae; Microtus; Nerve Degeneration; Nervous system structure; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurons; Olfactory Pathways; Oxytocin; Parahippocampal Gyrus; Pathology; Phenotype; Physiological; Play; Proliferating; Proliferation Marker; Regulation; Rodent; Role; Scientist; Sensory Process; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social isolation; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Time; Tracer; Vasopressins; Work; adult neurogenesis; critical period; dentate gyrus; design; experience; immunocytochemistry; lateral ventricle; male; neural circuit; neurochemistry; neurogenesis; novel; olfactory bulb; prairie vole; public health relevance; receptor; social; social attachment; steroid hormone; subventricular zone; vomeronasal organ

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adult-generated cells are found in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the rostral lateral ventricle in mammalian brains. Scientists have focused on these two brain areas to characterize the factors mediating adult neurogenesis, determine the phenotypes of the new cells, and reveal their potential functional significance. While new cells are also found in several other brain areas, little is known about the morphological characteristics, neurochemical phenotypes, and functions of these new cells. In this proposal, we focus on the amygdala - a brain area which is important for sensory processing, information integration, and the modulation of a variety of physiological and behavioral functions, and which contains adult-generated cells but has received little attention in the neurogenesis field. We will use the socially monogamous female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) as our model system as the vole's amygdala contained adult-generated cells, their rates of proliferation were facilitated by social interactions and diminished by social isolation, and treatment of an antimitotic drug reduced new neurons in the amygdala and inhibited social attachment formation. Our working hypothesis is that social/chemosensory stimuli from a conspecific affect amygdala neurogenesis in a stimulus-, time- and area-specific manner, adult-generated amygdala neurons integrate into the existing neural circuitry, express certain neurochemical phenotypes, and play a functional role in mediating social behavior. To test this hypothesis, we will focus on the amygdala to (1) examine the role of chemosensory stimuli in cell proliferation, (2) reveal the critical period for such social/chemosensory experience to enhance cell survival, (3) determine the neuromorphological and neurochemical characteristics of these new cells, (4) and examine the role of new amygdala cells in social behavior. Data from this study will shed light into amygdala adult neurogenesis and provide a starting point for the investigation of the amygdala neurogenic potential to be used as treatment for neurodegenerative-related amygdala deficits.

描述（由申请人提供）：成体生成的细胞存在于哺乳动物大脑的海马齿状回（DG）和头侧脑室的室下区（SVZ）中。科学家们将重点放在这两个大脑区域上，以表征介导成人神经发生的因素，确定新细胞的表型，并揭示它们潜在的功能意义。虽然在其他几个大脑区域也发现了新细胞，但人们对这些新细胞的形态特征、神经化学表型和功能知之甚少。在这个提案中，我们关注杏仁核——一个对于感觉处理、信息整合以及各种生理和行为功能的调节非常重要的大脑区域，它包含成体生成的细胞，但在神经发生方面很少受到关注场地。我们将使用社会一夫一妻制的雌性草原田鼠（Microtus ochrogaster）作为我们的模型系统，因为田鼠的杏仁核含有成体生成的细胞，它们的增殖率因社会互动而促进，并因社会隔离而降低，并且抗有丝分裂药物的治疗减少了新的增殖率。杏仁核中的神经元并抑制社会依恋的形成。我们的工作假设是，来自同种的社会/化学感觉刺激以刺激、时间和区域特异性的方式影响杏仁核神经发生，成人产生的杏仁核神经元整合到现有的神经回路中，表达某些神经化学表型，并发挥功能作用在调解社会行为方面。为了检验这一假设，我们将重点关注杏仁核，以（1）检查化学感应刺激在细胞增殖中的作用，（2）揭示这种社交/化学感应体验增强细胞存活的关键时期，（3）确定神经形态和这些新细胞的神经化学特征，（4）并检查新杏仁核细胞在社会行为中的作用。这项研究的数据将揭示杏仁核成人神经发生，并为研究杏仁核神经发生潜力（用于治疗神经退行性相关杏仁核缺陷）提供起点。