Psychophysics & Neuroimaging Studies of the Multisensory Temporal Binding Window

心理物理学

• 批准号: 7750829
• 负责人: Albert R Powers
• 金额: $ 3.78万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-01 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7750829
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Agreement; Area; Auditory; Autistic Disorder; Binding; Brain; Brain region; Cognitive; Complex; Control Groups; Data; Data Set; Disease; Dyslexia; Environment; Event; Feedback; Foundations; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Individual; Judgment; Knowledge; Lateral; Measures; Nature; Neurobiology; Participant; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Plastics; Process; Psychophysics; Psychophysiology; Reading; Reporting; Sensory; Speech; Stimulus; Structure; Structure of superior temporal sulcus; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Vision; Visual; Work; base; blood oxygen level dependent; expectation; experience; indexing; mRNA Differential Displays; meetings; millisecond; multisensory; neuroimaging; programs; relating to nervous system; remediation; sensory system; statistics; visual stimulus; Adult; Affect; Agreement; Area; Auditory; Autistic Disorder; Binding; Brain; Brain region; Cognitive; Complex; Control Groups; Data; Data Set; Disease; Dyslexia; Environment; Event; Feedback; Foundations; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Individual; Judgment; Knowledge; Lateral; Measures; Nature; Neurobiology; Participant; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Plastics; Process; Psychophysics; Psychophysiology; Reading; Reporting; Sensory; Speech; Stimulus; Structure; Structure of superior temporal sulcus; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; Vision; Visual; Work; base; blood oxygen level dependent; expectation; experience; indexing; mRNA Differential Displays; meetings; millisecond; multisensory; neuroimaging; programs; relating to nervous system; remediation; sensory system; statistics; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The brain's ability to bind incoming auditory and visual stimuli depends critically on the temporal structure of this multisensory information. Specifically, there exists a temporal window of audiovisual integration within which stimuli are bound and consequently processed as a unitary perceptual event. Although previous work has shown that this multisensory temporal window is somewhat task-and context-dependent, there is general agreement that the size of the window is on the order of several hundred milliseconds. Furthermore, more recent work has demonstrated a malleability of this temporal window by showing that repeated presentations of asynchronous auditory-visual pairings can shift its boundaries. Although this work highlights that the window can be shifted in time to reflect recent sensory experience, no studies have examined whether the size of the window can be altered. In the current proposal, we seek to examine this issue, which is framed around two specific aims. First, using a perceptual training paradigm, we will seek to shorten the size of the multisensory temporal window. Second, using fMRI, we will examine the neural basis of this temporal binding process and how the identified networks change with changing window size. To accomplish these aims, we will use an audiovisual simultaneity task to delineate the size of the temporal window. Next, we will develop a simultaneity judgment training paradigm wherein each judgment is paired with feedback as to its correctness. It is our expectation that this training paradigm will result in a significant narrowing of the temporal binding window, and, perhaps more importantly, that these effects will extend to other measures of multisensory temporal function (i.e., they will generalize). We have already gathered exciting preliminary data in support of a significant narrowing of the multisensory temporal binding window for simultaneity judgments. In addition, these effects appear to generalize to other tasks and to be long-lasting. What's more, in a preliminary data set, we have highlighted brain areas that appear to be altered after multisensory perceptual training. These studies will help to better define the plastic capacity of multisensory temporal processes in adults and their neural underpinnings, work that we hope will form a foundation for future remediation programs targeted toward neurobiological disorders (e.g., dyslexia, autism) in which there is growing evidence of disruptions in multisensory temporal function.

描述（由申请人提供）：大脑结合传入听觉和视觉刺激的能力取决于此多感官信息的时间结构。具体而言，存在一个视听整合的时间窗口，其中刺激被绑定并因此作为统一感知事件进行处理。尽管以前的工作表明，这种多感觉的时间窗口在某种程度上是任务依赖的，但人们普遍同意该窗口的大小按几百毫秒的顺序。此外，最近的工作通过表明反复演示异步听觉 - 视觉配对可以改变其边界，从而证明了这个时间窗口的延展性。尽管这项工作强调了窗口可以及时转移以反映最近的感官体验，但没有研究检查窗口的大小是否可以改变。在当前的提案中，我们试图研究这个问题，该问题围绕两个特定的目标构建。首先，使用感知培训范式，我们将寻求缩短多感官时间窗口的大小。其次，使用fMRI，我们将检查此时间结合过程的神经基础，以及确定的网络如何随窗口大小变化而变化。为了实现这些目标，我们将使用视听同时任务来描述时间窗口的大小。接下来，我们将开发一个同时判断训练范式，其中每个判断都与其正确性的反馈配对。我们期望这种训练范式将导致时间结合窗口的显着狭窄，也许更重要的是，这些效果将扩展到多感觉时间功能的其他度量（即它们将概括）。我们已经收集了令人兴奋的初步数据，以支持同时判断的多感觉时间绑定窗口的重大狭窄。此外，这些效果似乎概括为其他任务并持久。更重要的是，在初步数据集中，我们强调了大脑区域，这些区域在多感觉感知训练后似乎正在改变。这些研究将有助于更好地定义成人及其神经基础的多感觉时间过程的塑性能力，我们希望这项工作将为未来针对神经生物学疾病的未来补救计划（例如阅读障碍，自闭症，自闭症）构成基础，在这些补救计划中，越来越多地证明了越来越多的多种时间角度障碍证据。