Genetic and molecular dissection of meiotic silencing and unpaired DNA detection.

减数分裂沉默和未配对 DNA 检测的遗传和分子解剖。

基本信息

批准号：
7847477
负责人：
Thomas Michael Hammond
金额：
$ 5.05万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-05-16 至 2011-05-15
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7847477
关键词：
Alleles Animals Area Be++ element Beryllium Biochemistry Biological Process Cells Cloning Collection DNA DNA Sequence Rearrangement Defense Mechanisms Detection Dissection Double-Stranded RNA Elements Eukaryota Event Evolution Figs - dietary Future Gene Mutation Gene Silencing Generations Generic Drugs Genes Genetic Genetic Recombination Genetic Transcription Genome Genome Scan Goals Hereditary Disease Human Human Genome Knock-out Knowledge Length Link Maps Mediating Meiosis Modeling Molecular Molecular Biology Molecular Genetics Mutation Nature Neurospora Neurospora crassa Organism Other Genetics Pattern Prevention Process Proteins RNA RNA Interference RNA-Directed RNA Polymerase Reproduction spores Research Resistance Role Screening procedure Small RNA Transcript Virus Work base biological research fungus genetic element high throughput screening human DICER1 protein mutant protein protein interaction research study resistance allele transmission process

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Meiotic silencing is a phenomenon observed in animals and fungi whereby unpaired genes or other genetic elements are turned off during meiosis. The fact that it is triggered by unpaired DNA makes it ideally suited for the control of selfish genetic elements, such as viruses and transposons. Although meiotic silencing appears to be a type of RNA silencing - a generic term referring to small RNA mediated processes in eukaryotes - little else is known about its mechanistic nature. This proposal's primary goal is to investigate the unknown aspects of meiotic silencing, particularly the unpaired DMA detection process, using the eukaryotic organism in which it was initially discovered: Neurospora crassa. Specific aims to reach this goal include: 1) to develop and implement a high-throughput screen to identify meiotic silencing mutants 2) to identify and characterize the aberrant RNA transcripts theorized to be transcribed from unpaired meiotic DNA and 3) to clone and characterize alleles conferring resistance to [meiotic silencing-suppressing] meiotic drive elements. Relevance: Human selfish genetic elements have been linked to several genetic diseases. The research proposed herein seeks to elucidate the mechanism of meiotic silencing, a recently discovered biological process that may help defend the human genome from selfish genetic elements. Knowledge gained from this study could benefit future efforts towards the prevention of genetic disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：减数分裂沉默是一种在动物和真菌中观察到的现象，在减数分裂过程中，未配对的基因或其他遗传元素被关闭。它是由未配对的DNA触发的事实，使其非常适合控制自私遗传元素，例如病毒和转座子。尽管减数分裂的沉默似乎是一种RNA沉默 - 一种通用术语，指的是真核生物中小的RNA介导的过程，但对其机械性质知之甚少。该提议的主要目标是使用最初发现的真核生物生物（Neurospora crassa）研究减数分裂沉默的未知方面，尤其是未配对的DMA检测过程。 Specific aims to reach this goal include: 1) to develop and implement a high-throughput screen to identify meiotic silencing mutants 2) to identify and characterize the aberrant RNA transcripts theorized to be transcribed from unpaired meiotic DNA and 3) to clone and characterize alleles conferring resistance to [meiotic silencing-suppressing] meiotic drive elements.相关性：人类自私的遗传因素与几种遗传疾病有关。本文提出的研究旨在阐明减数分裂沉默的机制，这是一个最近发现的生物学过程，可以帮助捍卫人类基因组免受自私遗传元件的侵害。从这项研究中获得的知识可能会使未来在预防遗传疾病方面的努力。