Predictors of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Preschool Children

学龄前儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍的预测因素

• 批准号: 7833781
• 负责人: JEFFREY M HALPERIN
• 金额: $ 2.09万
• 依托单位: QUEENS COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-02-01 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7833781
• 关键词: 3' Untranslated Regions; 4 year old; 6 year old; Abate; Adoption; Affect; Age; Age-Years; Alleles; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Assay; Brain region; Characteristics; Cheek structure; Child; Child Behavior; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Cognitive; Control Groups; Corpus striatum structure; DRD4 gene; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Direct Costs; Disease; Dopamine; Early treatment; Effectiveness; Etiology; Event; Exons; Family; Feedback; Functional disorder; Future; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Databases; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Screening; Genetic Status; Goals; Heterogeneity; Home environment; Impulsivity; Individual; Laboratories; Learning; Light; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Measures; Mediation; Motor; Nature; Neurologic; Neuropsychological Tests; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Perinatal; Phenocopy; Play; Predisposition; Preschool Child; Preventive Intervention; Problem behavior; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sample Size; Sampling; School-Age Population; Series; Severities; Specificity; Structure; Subgroup; Swab; Symptoms; Temperament; Time; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Untranslated Regions; Vulnerable Populations; analog; base; behavior observation; case control; clinically significant; cost; disorder control; dopamine transporter; early childhood; elementary school; executive function; heuristics; high risk; inattention; meetings; neuroimaging; neuropsychological; performance tests; prenatal; prognostic indicator; psychopharmacologic; receptor; skills; teacher

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This longitudinal study is based upon the hypothesis that children with AD/HD represent a neurologically vulnerable group, but that the quality of parenting characteristics affects the manifestation and severity of symptoms. As such, evidence of neurological vulnerability, as assessed by neuropsychological tests in preschool children may be particularly useful for distinguishing between those "at risk" children who do and do not go on to develop AD/HD. Further, by assessing the quality of parenting skills during the preschool age, we hypothesize that there will be an interaction such that the combination of neuropsychological deficits and negative parenting characteristics will portend adverse outcome during the school-age years for at risk preschool children. The primary aim is to determine whether neuropsychological and parenting factors, independently and in combination, distinguish between inattentive/hyperactive preschool children who do and do not develop AD/HD. The goal is to recruit and follow a large sample of 3 and 4 year-old "at risk" and control children for whom behavioral, neuropsychological and parenting data are collected at baseline. Subsequently, behavioral ratings will be gathered every six months, and more in-depth clinical, neuropsychological and parenting assessments will be conducted annually. The primary dependent measures for this study will be collected when the children are six years-old. In addition, a secondary aim is to examine the extent to which genetic status has predictive validity for the emergence of ADHD, and the degree to which genetic status relates to neuropsychological findings and interacts with parenting factors in the emergence of AD/HD.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项纵向研究是基于以下假设：AD/HD的儿童代表神经系统脆弱的群体，但是育儿特征的质量会影响症状的表现和严重性。因此，通过学龄前儿童神经心理学测试评估的神经系统脆弱性的证据可能对于区分那些“有风险”的儿童的儿童尤其有用，而那些不继续发展AD/HD的儿童。此外，通过评估学龄前年龄段的育儿技能质量，我们假设将存在一种相互作用，以便在学龄前儿童的学龄儿学年期间，神经心理缺陷和负面育儿特征的结合将预示不良结果。 主要目的是确定神经心理学和育儿因素是否独立并结合起来，区分专注/多动的学龄前儿童，这些儿童会和不发展AD/HD。目的是招募并遵循大量3岁和4岁的“处于危险”的样本，并控制在基线时为他们收集行为，神经心理学和育儿数据的儿童。随后，将每六个月收集一次行为评级，每年将进行更多深入的临床，神经心理学和育儿评估。当儿童六岁时，将收集这项研究的主要依赖措施。此外，次要目的是检查遗传状况对ADHD的出现具有预测有效性的程度，以及遗传状况与神经心理学发现相关的程度，并与AD/HD出现时的育儿因素相互作用。