Utility of Contact Investigation of Drug Susceptible and Resistant TB in Tanzani

坦桑尼亚药物敏感和耐药结核病接触者调查的效用

• 批准号: 7737108
• 负责人: Elizabeth Fair
• 金额: $ 12.42万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-18 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7737108
• 关键词: Address; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; Applications Grants; Area; Budgets; California; Capital; Caring; Cause of Death; Cities; Clinical Research; Cohort Studies; Communities; Cost Effectiveness Analysis; Cost Measures; Country; Critical Care; Data; Detection; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Development Plans; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Drug Resistant Tuberculosis; Drug resistance; Drug-sensitive; Early Diagnosis; Early identification; Economics; Emergency Situation; Enrollment; Epidemic; Epidemiologist; Evaluation; Extreme drug resistant tuberculosis; Family; Foundations; Funding; Future; Genotype; Goals; Gold; HIV; HIV Infections; Health Personnel; High Prevalence; Household; Incidence; Incidental Findings; Infection; Institutes; International; Interruption; Intervention; Investigation; Isoniazid resistance; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Research; Learning; Leprosy; Life; Low income; Lung; Measures; Medical Research; Medicine; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methods; Mutation; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Organism; Participant; Pathogenicity; Patient Education; Patients; Pattern; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policy Developments; Predisposition; Prevalence; Preventive Intervention; Principal Investigator; Process; Public Health; Publishing; Pulmonary Tuberculosis; Relapse; Research; Research Personnel; Research Technics; Resistance; Resources; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Retreatment; San Francisco; Science; Screening procedure; Source; Speed; Sputum; Tanzania; Testing; Time; Training; Treatment Failure; Tuberculosis; Universities; Work; World Health Organization; authority; base; career; career development; case finding; cost; cost effectiveness; design; diagnosis standard; disability; disease transmission; disorder control; evidence base; high risk; indexing; innovation; isoniazid; mathematical model; novel strategies; programs; prospective; public health emergency; resistant strain; therapy design; transmission process; tuberculosis treatment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is an application for a K01 award for Dr. Elizabeth Fair, an epidemiologist in the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco. Dr. Fair is establishing herself as an investigator in epidemiologic and cost effectiveness analyses to evaluate the feasibility, cost, and impact of new tuberculosis (TB) case detection methods in resource limited-settings with high incidences of TB and HIV and increasing threats of drug-resistant TB. This K01 award will provide Dr. Fair with the support necessary to accomplish the following goals: (1) to become expert in applying advanced analytic methods for evaluating the cost effectiveness of programmatic TB interventions; (2) to learn to apply mathematical modeling of infectious disease transmission for evaluating the impact of TB interventions; (3) to become expert in the design, enrollment, and management of a prospective cohort study in a low-resource setting; (4) to apply laboratory research techniques for TB genotyping and drug resistance testing; and (5) to develop and independent clinical research career. To achieve these goals, Dr. Fair has assembled a mentoring team comprised of a primary mentor, Dr. Philip Hopewell, an internationally recognized authority on global TB control, and 2 co-mentors: Dr. James G. Kahn, an internationally recognized expert on cost effectiveness studies, and Dr. Travis Porco, a well-published mathematical modeler and epidemiologist. Low case finding of new TB patients is a major limitation to global control of the disease, especially in high HIV-prevalence areas. Dr. Fair's research will determine whether household contact investigation in a low-income, high TB burden setting results in earlier diagnosis of TB (Aim 1). She will also assess the costs, cost-effectiveness, and impact of contact investigation under program conditions (Aim 2); and characterize the transmissibility and pathogenicity of M.tb strains from new cases found through household contact investigation (Aim 3). The research will form the basis for a future R01 grant application to address the scientific basis of TB transmission and pathogenicity, specifically of drug-resistant M.tb strains.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是伊丽莎白·费尔博士（Elizabeth Fair）博士的申请。 Fair博士正在建立自己是流行病学和成本效益分析的研究者，以评估新的结核病（TB）病例检测方法的可行性，成本和影响的资源限量性限制方法，其TB和HIV发生率很高，并增加了耐药性TB的威胁。该K01奖将为Fair博士提供实现以下目标所需的支持：（1）成为应用高级分析方法的专家，以评估程序化结核病干预措施的成本效益； （2）学习应用传染病传播的数学模型来评估结核病干预措施的影响； （3）成为在低资源环境中的预期队列研究设计，入学和管理方面的专家； （4）将实验室研究技术应用于结核病基因分型和耐药性测试； （5）发展和独立的临床研究职业。为了实现这些目标，Fair博士组建了一支由主要导师组成的指导团队Philip Hopewell博士，国际公认的全球结核病控制权和2个委托人：詹姆斯·G·卡恩（James G. 新结核病患者的病例发现是全球控制该疾病的主要局限性，尤其是在高艾滋病毒流行地区。 Fair博士的研究将确定家庭接触调查是否在低收入，高结核病负担设置中是否会导致TB的早期诊断（AIM 1）。她还将评估计划条件下的联系调查的成本，成本效益和影响（AIM 2）；并表征通过家庭接触调查发现的新病例的M.TB菌株的可传播性和致病性（AIM 3）。这项研究将构成未来R01赠款应用程序的基础，以解决TB传播和致病性的科学基础，特别是耐药性M.TB菌株的基础。