Extreme weather, air pollution, and stroke among an aging female population

极端天气、空气污染和老龄化女性中风

基本信息

批准号：
10659042
负责人：
Meredith Franklin
金额：
$ 52.96万
依托单位：
BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-02 至 2026-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10659042
关键词：
Acute Adult Affect Age Aging Air Pollutants Air Pollution Area Biological Biomass Blood Burn injury California Carbon Carbon Dioxide Cardiovascular Diseases Chemicals Cities Cohort Studies County Data Diameter Diesel Fuels Disasters Disease Disease susceptibility Droughts Elderly Elements Emergency department visit Energy-Generating Resources Environment Environmental Policy Evaluation Event Exposure to Female Fire - disasters Gases Geography Health Home Hospitalization Imagery Immune Immune Sera Immune response Immunologic Markers Industrialization Inflammation Inflammatory Link Maps Measurable Measures Menopause Metals Modeling Myocardial Infarction Nitrates Nitrogen Dioxide Participant Particulate Particulate Matter Pathogenesis Pathway interactions Persons Pollution Population Postmenopause Predisposition Production Publications Recording of previous events Regulatory T-Lymphocyte Reporting Risk Role Seasons Source Stroke Sulfate Time Transportation Vulnerable Populations Wildfire Woman Women&apos s Health biobank cardiovascular disorder risk critical period disability extreme weather fine particles follow-up human old age (65+)men meter metropolitan mortality older women particle population based response severe weather stroke event stroke risk study population systemic inflammatory response teacher

项目摘要

ABSTRACT This application is in response to the PAR-19-250: “EnvironmentalInfluences on Aging: Effects of Extreme Weatherand Disaster Events on Aging Populations .”Air pollutants are especially detrimental for aging populations; exposure to air pollution as measured by ambient particulate matter (e.g., PM2.5) has been linked to diseases that increase with age, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and stroke. Older women (who outnumber men 3:2) are particularly susceptible to CVD endpoints and to stroke risk in particular; stroke risk in women doubles immediately following menopause. Extreme weather events such as wildfires and prolonged drought in the last decade alone have adversely affected air pollution exposure in states such as California. A number of metropolitan counties in the state have particulate pollution levels above federal and state ambient standards, and during extreme weather events, these levels rival that of the worst cities in the world. Our overall study objective is to evaluate the intersection of extreme weather events and air pollution in an aging female population who are at increased risk for CVDs, and in particular, at peak susceptibility for stroke. In Aim1, we will evaluate the acute effects from wildfire events by ascertaining stroke events within geographically affected areas based on satellite imagery. Elevated PM2.5 exposure estimates resulting from a wildfire event in the affected areas will be associated with hospitalizations (including emergency room visits) from stroke and CVD. In Aim 2, we will determine the role of specific PM2.5 components in stroke risk and mortality. Employing complementary satellite- and source-based approaches, we will identify key sources of PM2.5 and its chemical constituents that are attributable to stroke. Leveraging 25-years of follow-up from the study population, this aim will permit us to delineate components of air pollution from drought and wildfire events versus other (e.g., transportation, industrial) exposures. For both aims, select CVD endpoints (e.g., myocardial infarction) will also be explored. In Aim 3, we will evaluate the association between PM2.5 exposure with serum immune markers among 2000 participants whose exposures reflect a cross-section of exposure during the 2015 drought and wildfire season. This aim will inform the purported biologic underpinning for stroke and CVD risk, by key PM2.5 sources and constituents. To successfully accomplish these aims, we will leverage longitudinal data from the California Teachers Study, a geographically-defined population-based cohort study of 133,479 women whose 25 year follow-up spans: (a) key periods of stroke and CVD susceptibility in women, and (b) elevated levels of air pollution exposure in California where there have been prolonged periods of drought and numerous wildfires.

抽象的本申请是为了响应 PAR-19-250：“环境对老化的影响：极端环境的影响天气和灾害事件对人口老龄化的影响。”空气污染物尤其会影响老龄化人口；通过环境颗粒物（例如 PM2.5）测量的空气污染暴露程度存在关联随着年龄的增长而增加的疾病，包括心血管疾病（CVD）和中风。人数多于男性 3:2) 特别容易受到 CVD 终点和中风风险的影响；女性在绝经后立即增加一倍。仅过去十年的干旱就对加利福尼亚州等州的空气污染造成了不利影响。该州许多大城市县的颗粒物污染水平高于联邦和州环境水平标准，并且在极端天气事件期间，这些水平可与世界上最糟糕的城市相媲美。总体研究目标是评估极端天气事件与空气污染的交叉点老年女性群体患心血管疾病的风险增加，特别是处于最易患心血管疾病的高峰期在目标 1 中，我们将通过确定内中风事件来评估野火事件的急性影响。根据卫星图像估算的受地理影响的地区 PM2.5 暴露量升高。受影响地区的野火事件将导致住院（包括急诊室就诊）在目标 2 中，我们将确定特定 PM2.5 成分在中风风险和心血管疾病中的作用。采用基于卫星和来源的互补方法，我们将确定死亡率的主要来源。 PM2.5 及其化学成分可归因于中风。利用 25 年的跟踪研究。研究人口，这一目标将使我们能够描绘出干旱和野火造成的空气污染的组成部分事件与其他（例如交通、工业）暴露的比较对于这两个目标，选择 CVD 终点（例如，在目标 3 中，我们将评估 PM2.5 暴露之间的关联。 2000 名参与者的血清免疫标志物，其暴露反映了暴露的横截面在 2015 年干旱和野火季节期间，这一目标将为中风的所谓生物学基础提供信息。和 CVD 风险（按主要 PM2.5 来源和成分）为了成功实现这些目标，我们将利用杠杆作用。来自加州教师研究的纵向数据，这是一项基于地理的人群队列研究对 133,479 名女性进行了 25 年的随访：(a) 女性中风和 CVD 易感性的关键时期， (b) 加利福尼亚州的空气污染暴露水平升高，该地区长期存在干旱和多起野火。